Evaluation of the antagonistic effect of toxins on azole antifungal resistance in species isolated from clinical samples in Iran.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

The azole antifungals are the most frequent class used to treat infections. It is essential to elucidate the potential of natural compounds as an alternative in eliminating Therefore, in the present study, the antagonistic effect of toxins on azole antifungal resistance in species was investigated.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In this study, 28 species with azole antifungal resistance were obtained from patients at Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital. The effect of toxins, such as phenazine, pyocyanin, pyoverdine, and fluorescein, was examined on species. The antifungal activity of these toxins against spp. was determined using methods such as minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC ), radial diffusion assay (RDA), and detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

RESULTS

The prevalence of strains in urinary catheters, surgical wounds, respiratory tracts, blood, and standard strains was 46.3%, 21.4%, 25%, 7.14%, and 3.57%, respectively. The MIC values were reported as 32 μg/ml for phenazine, and 128 μg/ml for pyoverdine, pyocyanin, and fluorescein. The results showed that phenazine exhibited higher inhibitory effects against isolated from clinical samples compared to the other toxins. After exposure to phenazines (20 μg/ml), 65-70% of yeast cells of spp. showed rhodamine 123 fluorescence, indicating high intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.

CONCLUSION

The antifungal effect of different toxins in spp. may be due to ROS-mediated apoptotic death. The results suggest that phenazine has high potential in controlling . This natural compounds are a potential alternative for eliminating this yeast.