Sayyeda Ammara, Ahmad Zulcaif, Ishtiaq Syeda Momna, Irshad Asma, Shchinar Saniia, Sohail Muhammad Farhan
Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (RIPS), Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025 May 8. doi: 10.1007/s00210-025-04243-3.
Dequalinium chloride (DQC) is a potent antimicrobial agent; however, its therapeutic application is limited due to poor solubility, rapid degradation, and short half-life. In this study, we developed a nanogel-based delivery system to provide stability, bioavailability, and controlled release of DQC, subsequently improving antimicrobial impact. Carbopol 940 and PEG 6000 were used for the synthesis of the nanogel, which was characterized for physicochemical properties, drug entrapment, and release kinetics. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) confirmed the successful encapsulation and amorphous nature, whereas Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) validated improved thermal stability. The nanogel showed a high entrapment efficiency of 90%, and the drug was released sustained according to a non-Fickian diffusion mechanism with 86.23% cumulative release in 24 h. As per antimicrobial activity, it was observed that the developed formulation showed better inhibition against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus than free drug solutions. Thus, the findings indicate that the developed nanogel formulation can be considered a worthy advanced antimicrobial delivery system with controlled drug release.
氯化喹吖啶酮（DQC）是一种强效抗菌剂；然而，由于其溶解度差、快速降解和半衰期短，其治疗应用受到限制。在本研究中，我们开发了一种基于纳米凝胶的递送系统，以提供DQC的稳定性、生物利用度和控释，从而提高抗菌效果。使用卡波姆940和聚乙二醇6000合成纳米凝胶，并对其理化性质、药物包封率和释放动力学进行了表征。差示扫描量热法（DSC）和X射线衍射（XRD）证实了成功包封和无定形性质，而热重分析（TGA）验证了热稳定性的提高。纳米凝胶显示出90%的高包封率，药物根据非菲克扩散机制持续释放，24小时内累积释放率为86.23%。根据抗菌活性观察到，所开发的制剂对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用比游离药物溶液更好。因此，研究结果表明，所开发的纳米凝胶制剂可被认为是一种具有控释功能的有价值的先进抗菌递送系统。
