Shi Yumeng, Li Keyi, Qian Yu, Guo Wencheng, Cao Yuhao, Cheng Zhipeng, Zhu Hongkai
MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 Aug 15;494:138497. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138497. Epub 2025 May 5.
Research on plasticizers, particularly non-phthalate plasticizers (NPAEs), in indoor environments and their associated human exposure risks remains limited in China. To address this, we analyzed 374 house dust samples nationwide for 11 phthalates (PAEs) and 16 NPAEs. Nineteen of 27 target analytes were widely detected, with total plasticizer concentrations (∑plasticizers) ranging from 14.3 to 3358 μg/g (median: 226 μg/g). While PAEs dominated of total plasticizers (>70 %), however, some NPAEs, such as trioctyl trimellitate and methyl oleate, showed comparable or higher levels than certain PAEs, indicating their increasing presence. A temporal analysis of PAE occurrence in indoor dust from 2007 to 2023 revealed a significant downward trend. Geographically, Northeast China exhibited the highest ∑plasticizers levels (median: 539 μg/g), 1.93-3.73 times higher than those in other regions. Additionally, urban households displayed significantly higher ∑plasticizers concentrations than rural homes, suggesting more intensive emission sources. Floor and dwelling materials were identified as key contributors to plasticizer contamination. Although estimated hazard quotient values suggest minimal health risks under current exposure conditions, the complexity of exposure pathways warrants further investigation. This study provides a national-scale assessment of indoor plasticizer contamination and human exposure risks, offering critical insights for environmental health research and regulatory policies.
在中国，关于室内环境中的增塑剂，尤其是非邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂（NPAEs）及其相关的人体暴露风险的研究仍然有限。为了解决这一问题，我们分析了全国374份房屋灰尘样本中的11种邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）和16种NPAEs。在27种目标分析物中，有19种被广泛检测到，增塑剂总浓度（∑增塑剂）范围为14.3至3358μg/g（中位数：226μg/g）。虽然PAEs在总增塑剂中占主导地位（>70%），然而，一些NPAEs，如偏苯三酸三辛酯和油酸甲酯，其含量与某些PAEs相当或更高，表明它们的存在日益增加。对2007年至2023年室内灰尘中PAE出现情况的时间分析显示出显著的下降趋势。在地理上，中国东北地区的∑增塑剂水平最高（中位数：539μg/g），比其他地区高1.93至3.73倍。此外，城市家庭的∑增塑剂浓度显著高于农村家庭，表明排放源更为密集。地板和居住材料被确定为增塑剂污染的主要来源。尽管估计的危害商值表明在当前暴露条件下健康风险最小，但暴露途径的复杂性仍值得进一步研究。本研究提供了全国范围内室内增塑剂污染和人体暴露风险的评估，为环境卫生研究和监管政策提供了关键见解。
