Singh Siddharth, Hamid Zeinab, Babu Ramavath, Gómez-Graña Sergio, Hu Xiaowen, McCulloch Iain, Hoye Robert L Z, Govind Rao Vishal, Polavarapu Lakshminarayana
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India.
Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
Adv Mater. 2025 Jul;37(28):e2419603. doi: 10.1002/adma.202419603. Epub 2025 May 9.
The need to constrain the use of fossil fuels causing global warming is motivating the development of a variety of photocatalysts for solar-to-fuel generation and chemical synthesis. In particular, semiconductor-based photocatalysts have been extensively exploited in solar-driven organic synthesis, carbon dioxide (CO) conversion into value-added products, and hydrogen (H) generation from water (HO) splitting. Recently, metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have emerged as an important class of semiconductors for heterogeneous photocatalysis owing to their interesting properties. Despite key issues with long-term stability and degradation in polar solvents due to their ionic character, there has been significant progress in halide perovskite-based photocatalysts with improving their stability and performance in the gas and liquid phases. This review discusses the state-of-the-art for using halide perovskite-based photocatalysts and photoelectrocatalysis in hydrogen production from water and halogen acid solutions, CO reduction into value-added chemicals, and various organic chemical transformations. The different types of halide perovskites used, design strategies to overcome the instability issues in polar solvents, and the efficiencies achieved are discussed. Furthermore, the outstanding challenges associated with the use of polar electrolytes and how the stability and performance can be improved are discussed.
限制使用导致全球变暖的化石燃料的需求，正推动着人们开发各种用于太阳能制燃料和化学合成的光催化剂。特别是，基于半导体的光催化剂已在太阳能驱动的有机合成、将二氧化碳（CO）转化为增值产品以及通过水（H₂O）分解制氢（H₂）等方面得到广泛应用。最近，金属卤化物钙钛矿（MHP）因其有趣的性质，已成为用于多相光催化的一类重要半导体。尽管由于其离子特性，在极性溶剂中存在长期稳定性和降解等关键问题，但基于卤化物钙钛矿的光催化剂在提高其在气相和液相中的稳定性和性能方面已取得了显著进展。本综述讨论了使用基于卤化物钙钛矿的光催化剂和光电催化从水和氢卤酸溶液中制氢、将CO还原为增值化学品以及进行各种有机化学转化的最新进展。文中讨论了所使用的不同类型的卤化物钙钛矿、克服极性溶剂中不稳定性问题的设计策略以及所实现的效率。此外，还讨论了与使用极性电解质相关的突出挑战以及如何提高稳定性和性能。
