Boukssim Sara, Amminou Loubna, Cherradi Nadia, El Ouazzani Hafsa, Chami Bassima
Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Mohammed V University, Rabat, MAR.
Department of Pathology HSR, Mohammed V University, Rabat, MAR.
Cureus. 2025 Apr 9;17(4):e81981. doi: 10.7759/cureus.81981. eCollection 2025 Apr.
Odontogenic fibromyxoma (OFM) is an uncommon benign neoplasm originating from the odontogenic ectomesenchyme. It exhibits a slow-growing yet locally aggressive behavior, most frequently presenting in young adults, although it can occur at any age and shows no significant gender predilection. Despite its clinical relevance, current research provides limited information regarding the risk factors, causative agents, and molecular pathways that contribute to its development and aggressive behavior. We present a case of OFM located in the mandible of a 38-year-old African male who reported a painless swelling in the right mandible extending from the first premolar to the second premolar. The clinical examination revealed a limited, firm, painless vestibular swelling in the region of teeth 44 and 45. The affected teeth exhibited normal vitality and physiological mobility. Radiographic imaging demonstrated a multilocular radiolucency with a "soap bubble" appearance, without evidence of root resorption. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of odontogenic fibromyxoma, showing a proliferation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts within a loose, myxomatous stroma rich in acid mucopolysaccharides, with scattered stellate cells displaying minimal pleomorphism. This case underscores the importance of a comprehensive diagnostic approach that integrates clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings to accurately identify OFM and distinguish it from other similar jaw lesions. Although conservative treatments such as enucleation with curettage offer notable benefits, the ideal surgical approach and follow-up protocol remain subjects of ongoing investigation. A more profound understanding of OFM's underlying pathogenesis could lead to improved treatment outcomes and guide future research on targeted therapeutic strategies.
牙源性纤维黏液瘤（OFM）是一种罕见的良性肿瘤，起源于牙源性外胚间叶组织。它生长缓慢，但具有局部侵袭性，最常见于年轻人，不过可发生于任何年龄，且无明显性别倾向。尽管其具有临床相关性，但目前关于其发展和侵袭性行为的危险因素、致病因素及分子途径的研究信息有限。我们报告一例位于一名38岁非洲男性下颌骨的牙源性纤维黏液瘤病例，该患者右侧下颌骨自第一前磨牙至第二前磨牙处出现无痛性肿胀。临床检查发现44和45牙区域有局限性、质地硬、无痛的前庭肿胀。患牙活力正常，有生理性动度。影像学检查显示呈“肥皂泡”样的多房性透射区，无牙根吸收迹象。组织病理学分析确诊为牙源性纤维黏液瘤，表现为在富含酸性黏多糖的疏松黏液样基质内有成纤维细胞和肌成纤维细胞增生，散在的星状细胞异型性极小。该病例强调了综合运用临床、放射学和组织病理学检查结果进行准确诊断的重要性，以准确识别牙源性纤维黏液瘤并将其与其他类似的颌骨病变区分开来。尽管诸如刮除术等保守治疗有显著益处，但理想的手术方法和随访方案仍是正在研究的课题。对牙源性纤维黏液瘤潜在发病机制的更深入了解可能会改善治疗效果，并为未来靶向治疗策略的研究提供指导。
