Rees P J, Shelton D, Chan T B, Eiser N, Clark T J, Maisey M N
Thorax. 1985 Aug;40(8):603-6. doi: 10.1136/thx.40.8.603.
The permeability of respiratory mucosa, as measured by clearance of diethylenetriamine penta-acetate (DTPA) labelled with technetium 99m, was similar in seven normal and nine asthmatic subjects. Histamine induced bronchoconstriction was associated with a 50% increase in permeability in both groups of subjects. In normal subjects inhaled salbutamol, given as 1 mg acutely or as 200 micrograms four times daily for two weeks, had no effect on pulmonary permeability. Salbutamol, given before histamine challenge, prevented bronchoconstriction, but did not affect the increase in permeability seen in normal subjects. Low doses of histamine, sufficient to cause bronchoconstriction in the asthmatic subjects, produced little bronchoconstriction in normal subjects but caused increases in lung permeability similar to those seen in asthmatic subjects. These studies suggest that these two effects of inhaled histamine, bronchoconstriction and increased permeability, are independent.
通过用99m锝标记的二乙三胺五乙酸（DTPA）清除率来衡量，7名正常受试者和9名哮喘受试者的呼吸道黏膜通透性相似。组胺诱发的支气管收缩与两组受试者的通透性增加50%相关。在正常受试者中，急性给予1mg或每天4次、每次200μg沙丁胺醇吸入两周，对肺通透性没有影响。在组胺激发前给予沙丁胺醇，可预防支气管收缩，但不影响正常受试者中观察到的通透性增加。低剂量组胺足以使哮喘受试者发生支气管收缩，在正常受试者中几乎不引起支气管收缩，但可导致肺通透性增加，与哮喘受试者中观察到的情况相似。这些研究表明，吸入组胺的这两种作用，即支气管收缩和通透性增加，是相互独立的。
