Alipour Mozhgan, Abdolmaleki Maryam, Shabanpour Yaser, Zali Alireza, Ashrafi Farzad, Nohesara Shabnam, Hajipour-Verdom Behnam
Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Research Institute of Functional Neurosurgery, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2025 Apr 28;19:1489940. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2025.1489940. eCollection 2025.
Neuromodulation, the targeted regulation of nerve activity, has emerged as a promising approach for treating various neurological and psychiatric disorders. While deep brain stimulation has shown efficacy, its invasive nature poses substantial risks, including surgical complications and high costs. In contrast, non-invasive neuromodulation techniques, particularly those utilizing magnetic fields (MFs), have gained increasing attention as safer, more accessible alternatives. Magnetothermal stimulation has emerged as an innovative method that enables precise modulation of neuronal ion channels through localized heating induced by interaction of MF with biological tissues. This review discusses the principles of MF-based neuromodulation and highlights the critical role of ion channels in synaptic transmission, and the therapeutic potential of these advanced techniques. Additionally, it highlights key challenges such as spatial targeting precision, safety considerations, and the long-term effects of magnetic exposure on brain function. The findings presente the promise of MF-based neuromodulation as a non-invasive, highly targeted therapeutic strategy for conditions such as epilepsy, movement disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases, with potential applications in chronic pain management and future clinical interventions.
神经调节，即对神经活动的靶向调节，已成为治疗各种神经和精神疾病的一种有前景的方法。虽然深部脑刺激已显示出疗效，但其侵入性带来了重大风险，包括手术并发症和高昂成本。相比之下，非侵入性神经调节技术，尤其是那些利用磁场（MFs）的技术，作为更安全、更易获得的替代方法受到了越来越多的关注。磁热刺激已成为一种创新方法，通过磁场与生物组织相互作用诱导的局部加热，能够精确调节神经元离子通道。本综述讨论了基于磁场的神经调节原理，强调了离子通道在突触传递中的关键作用，以及这些先进技术的治疗潜力。此外，它还突出了诸如空间靶向精度、安全考量以及磁暴露对脑功能的长期影响等关键挑战。研究结果表明，基于磁场的神经调节有望成为一种用于治疗癫痫、运动障碍和神经退行性疾病等病症的非侵入性、高度靶向的治疗策略，在慢性疼痛管理和未来临床干预中具有潜在应用价值。
