Gu Chen, ChenLiu Zhenni, Wu Qihang, Tang Dong
Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
Ann Surg Oncol. 2025 May 13. doi: 10.1245/s10434-025-17368-9.
Gastric cancer (GC) poses a major global health challenge, underscoring the need for advanced diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), have emerged as pivotal regulators in GC, with their dysregulated expression driving key processes such as tumorigenesis, metastasis, immune evasion, and chemoresistance. The functional diversity of ncRNAs across different GC molecular subtypes highlights their potential as biomarkers for improved subtype classification and patient stratification. Beyond their diagnostic value, ncRNAs demonstrate critical regulatory functions in tumor biology, establishing these RNA molecules as promising targets for therapeutic development. Strategies based on RNA hold considerable promise for addressing critical challenges such as immune escape and drug resistance by modulating key signaling pathways. These approaches can enhance immune responses, reprogram the tumor microenvironment, and reverse resistance mechanisms that compromise treatment efficacy, thereby improving clinical outcomes. Although ncRNAs represent a promising frontier in GC precision medicine, further research is required to fully harness their clinical potential.
胃癌（GC）是一项重大的全球健康挑战，凸显了先进诊断和治疗方法的必要性。非编码RNA（ncRNA），包括微小RNA（miRNA）、长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）和环状RNA（circRNA），已成为胃癌中的关键调节因子，其表达失调驱动肿瘤发生、转移、免疫逃逸和化疗耐药等关键过程。不同胃癌分子亚型中ncRNA的功能多样性突出了它们作为生物标志物用于改善亚型分类和患者分层的潜力。除了诊断价值外，ncRNA在肿瘤生物学中还表现出关键的调节功能，使这些RNA分子成为有前景的治疗开发靶点。基于RNA的策略在通过调节关键信号通路应对免疫逃逸和耐药等关键挑战方面具有很大潜力。这些方法可以增强免疫反应，重编程肿瘤微环境，并逆转损害治疗效果的耐药机制，从而改善临床结果。尽管ncRNA在胃癌精准医学中代表着一个有前景的前沿领域，但仍需要进一步研究以充分发挥其临床潜力。
