Sun Yiwei, Wang Liyan, Ma Keke, Shen Manman, Liu Jiying, Zhang Yujuan, Sun Liumei
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China.
Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Scientific Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China.
Animals (Basel). 2025 Apr 23;15(9):1207. doi: 10.3390/ani15091207.
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a highly infectious alphacoronavirus, has resulted in substantial economic losses within the global swine industry. Existing vaccines and therapeutic agents have proven inadequate in effectively preventing and controlling PEDV. Natural compounds offer distinct advantages in antiviral research due to their abundant availability, diverse biological activities, and low toxicity. In this study, the antiviral properties of the naturally occurring alkaloid 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) against PEDV were examined. The CC of DNJ was determined to be 912.5 μM through experimental analysis on Vero-E6 cells. DNJ demonstrated an inhibitory effect on PEDV activity, with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC) of 57.76 μM. The compound primarily inhibited PEDV proliferation during the viral life cycle stages of attachment and replication. Moreover, DNJ mitigated the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation associated with PEDV infection. Computational docking predictions suggest that the viral non-structural proteins include Nsp12, Nsp14, and Nsp16 may serve as potential targets for DNJ. Consequently, DNJ represents a promising candidate for the development of novel therapeutic agents against PEDV.
猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）是一种高度传染性的甲型冠状病毒，已给全球养猪业造成了巨大的经济损失。现有的疫苗和治疗药物已被证明在有效预防和控制PEDV方面并不充分。天然化合物因其丰富的可得性、多样的生物活性和低毒性，在抗病毒研究中具有独特的优势。在本研究中，检测了天然存在的生物碱1-脱氧野尻霉素（DNJ）对PEDV的抗病毒特性。通过对Vero-E6细胞的实验分析，确定DNJ的细胞毒性浓度（CC）为912.5 μM。DNJ对PEDV活性表现出抑制作用，其50%抑制浓度（IC）为57.76 μM。该化合物主要在病毒生命周期的附着和复制阶段抑制PEDV增殖。此外，DNJ减轻了与PEDV感染相关的活性氧（ROS）产生和炎症。计算机对接预测表明，病毒非结构蛋白Nsp12、Nsp14和Nsp16可能是DNJ的潜在靶点。因此，DNJ是开发抗PEDV新型治疗药物的有前景的候选物。
