Sánchez González Carmen, Pérez Jiménez Aurora, Malvé Mauro, Díaz Jiménez Cristina
Asociación de la Industria Navarra (AIN), Carretera Pamplona 1, E-31191 Cordovilla, Spain.
Department of Engineering, Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Av. Cataluña, s/n, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 Apr 28;17(9):1207. doi: 10.3390/polym17091207.
Polylactic acid (PLA) is a bioresorbable and biocompatible material and is a promising alternative to the current materials used for permanent implants as it has osteosynthesis properties. However, this material has some drawbacks due to its low mechanical and thermal resistance after 3D printing. Extensive research has been conducted to improve the properties of this material, for example, with the addition of other compounds, such as magnesium (Mg) or Hydroxyapatite (HA). These reinforced materials have been shown to reduce the internal stress of the matrix of PLA, improving the thermal, optical and structural properties of the material, even though the performance achieved is lower than needed to be implanted. In addition, although it is known that the addition of Mg or HA affects the mechanical performance of the material, mechanical properties have not been studied in the literature. Thus, the aim of this study is to research the effect of thermal post-processing based on annealing of composites made of PLA with Mg and PLA with HA, manufactured by fused filament fabrication, with the goal of finding an improvement in the mechanical properties of these materials. As a result, different designs of annealing processes have been studied with different reinforced materials and their mechanical properties have been compared, studying axial traction and compression, radial compression as well as flexibility, among others. The comparative results achieved show the relevance of the design of the annealing process for the improvement of the mechanical properties of these materials.
聚乳酸（PLA）是一种可生物吸收且生物相容的材料，由于其具有骨合成特性，是目前用于永久性植入物的材料的一种有前景的替代品。然而，这种材料在3D打印后由于其低机械强度和耐热性而存在一些缺点。已经进行了广泛的研究来改善这种材料的性能，例如，通过添加其他化合物，如镁（Mg）或羟基磷灰石（HA）。这些增强材料已被证明可以降低PLA基体的内应力，改善材料的热性能、光学性能和结构性能，尽管所达到的性能低于植入所需的性能。此外，虽然已知添加Mg或HA会影响材料的机械性能，但文献中尚未对机械性能进行研究。因此，本研究的目的是研究基于退火的热后处理对通过熔融长丝制造法制造的PLA与Mg复合材料以及PLA与HA复合材料的影响，目标是提高这些材料的机械性能。结果，研究了不同增强材料的不同退火工艺设计，并比较了它们的机械性能，包括轴向拉伸和压缩、径向压缩以及柔韧性等。所获得的比较结果表明了退火工艺设计对于改善这些材料机械性能的相关性。
