Farsi Farima, Morovatdar Negar, Eshraghi Ali
Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Clinical Research Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
J Cardiovasc Thorac Res. 2025 Mar 18;17(1):20-26. doi: 10.34172/jcvtr.33167. eCollection 2025 Mar.
An angiographic finding known as "coronary slow flow phenomenon" (CSFP) occurs when there is no discernible stenosis but the contrast flow is slower than usual. Although the prognosis for the majority of CSFP cases is favorable, frequent angina significantly lowers their quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the potential contributing risk factors and prognostic implications of CSFP on long-term cardiovascular outcomes.
This retrospective, cohort study was conducted between years 2014-2022 and included a total of 65 CSFP patients and 65 controls with normal coronary flow, as evidenced by coronary angiography. These two groups were examined in terms of future cardiovascular consequences due to this phenomenon, baseline demographic characteristics, and laboratory findings. A value<0.05 was considered significant.
In this study 130 people including 73 men and 57 women, who because of the typical chest pain and at least a noninvasive test took angiography, were explored. The median triglyceride (200.80±48.51 vs 131.79±34.22, <0.001), total cholesterol (189.46±10.84 vs 103.43±8.13, <0.001), and low-density lipoprotein (153.28±34.28 vs 103.34±19.70, =0.01) were significantly higher in the affected people. During clinical follow-up, a higher number of major adverse cardiac events (8.97±2.95 vs 4.52±2.12, <0.001) was observed in the CSFP cases. Moreover, a one-unit increase in body mass index raised the probability of adverse cardiac events by 0.912 in CSFP cases.
Our research indicated that individuals with CSFP were more likely to develop cardiac events including unstable angina. Furthermore, obesity and dyslipidemia could provoke this phenomenon.
当冠状动脉造影未见明显狭窄但造影剂流动比正常情况缓慢时，就会出现一种被称为“冠状动脉慢血流现象”（CSFP）的血管造影表现。尽管大多数CSFP病例的预后良好，但频繁的心绞痛会显著降低他们的生活质量。因此，本研究旨在探讨CSFP的潜在危险因素及其对长期心血管结局的预后影响。
本回顾性队列研究于2014年至2022年期间进行，共纳入65例CSFP患者和65例冠状动脉血流正常的对照者，冠状动脉造影证实了这一点。从这一现象导致的未来心血管后果、基线人口统计学特征和实验室检查结果等方面对这两组进行了检查。P值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
本研究共纳入130人，包括73名男性和57名女性，他们因典型胸痛且至少接受了一项无创检查而进行了血管造影。患者组的甘油三酯中位数（200.80±48.51 vs 131.79±34.22，P<0.001）、总胆固醇（189.46±10.84 vs 103.43±8.13，P<0.001）和低密度脂蛋白（153.28±34.28 vs 103.34±19.70，P=0.01）显著更高。在临床随访期间，CSFP病例中观察到的主要不良心脏事件数量更多（8.97±2.95 vs 4.52±2.12，P<0.001）。此外，在CSFP病例中，体重指数每增加一个单位，发生不良心脏事件的概率增加0.912。
我们的研究表明，CSFP患者更有可能发生包括不稳定型心绞痛在内的心脏事件。此外，肥胖和血脂异常可能引发这一现象。
