Alves Sérgio S, Queiroz Andréa B P S, Brandão Nathalia T, Ferreira Geovana C, Zero Raphael C, Oliveira Fabrício S
Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
Anat Histol Embryol. 2025 May;54(3):e70040. doi: 10.1111/ahe.70040.
In Brazil, with the creation of the Arouca Law in 2009 and the need for substitutes for live animals in studies, it is essential to apply anatomical techniques to conserve corpses. Fixative substances prevent autolysis, facilitate incisions and make the protein fraction of the tissue insoluble, preserving its morphology due to antiseptic properties. Preservative solutions aim to maintain anatomical specimens intact to allow the long-lasting use of them. Several techniques can promote such fixation and preservation, but formaldehyde is the most used in many countries. This research aims to determine the viability of a new anatomical technique using ethyl alcohol (EA) and formaldehyde, in different proportions, to fix canine cadavers and sodium chloride aqueous solution (SCAS 30%) for preservation biomechanical and microbiological analyses. Fresh samples were collected before fixation to be the control samples in every group. Corpses were divided into four groups: G1 (only formaldehyde), G2 (30% formaldehyde and 70% EA), G3 (70% formaldehyde and 30% EA) and G4 (50% formaldehyde and 50% EA) and were subsequently conserved in 30% SCAS. Analyses were done at D0 (before fixation), D30, D60, D90 and D120 after preservation on 30% SCAS. Biomechanical traction tests were performed on skin and jejunum samples at all times of fixation and preservation. Microbiological analyses of the solution were at the end of fixation and during all preservation moments. The control samples (fresh corpses) were compared to the other four groups with the T-test. There was no statistical difference in the maximum rupture force (MRF) of the skin and jejunum between the control and the fixation and preservation moments. It was observed that G2 and G3 presented minor variations in the MRF with means of skin (-14.2 N) and jejunum (-0.28 N). There were significant differences at all times for rupture elongation (RE) of the skin and jejunum. G3 and G4 showed minor variations in the RE, with a difference between the skin (1.32 mm) and jejunum (0.23 mm). The microbiological analyses of the SCAS 30% did not show any contamination (aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms) for Groups 1, 2 and 3. For D120 of G4, Bacillus spp. was identified in the amount of 1.0 × 10.
在巴西，随着2009年《阿鲁卡法》的颁布以及研究中对活体动物替代品的需求，应用解剖技术保存尸体至关重要。固定剂可防止尸体自溶，便于切口操作，并使组织中的蛋白质成分不溶，因其防腐特性而保留其形态。保存液旨在保持解剖标本完好无损，以便长期使用。有几种技术可以促进这种固定和保存，但甲醛在许多国家是最常用的。本研究旨在确定一种新的解剖技术的可行性，该技术使用不同比例的乙醇（EA）和甲醛来固定犬类尸体，并使用氯化钠水溶液（30% SCAS）进行生物力学和微生物学分析。在固定前采集新鲜样本作为每组的对照样本。尸体被分为四组：G1（仅用甲醛）、G2（30%甲醛和70% EA）、G3（70%甲醛和30% EA）和G4（50%甲醛和50% EA），随后保存在30% SCAS中。在保存在30% SCAS后的第0天（固定前）、第30天、第60天、第90天和第120天进行分析。在固定和保存的所有时间对皮肤和空肠样本进行生物力学牵引测试。在固定结束时和所有保存阶段对溶液进行微生物学分析。对照样本（新鲜尸体）与其他四组用T检验进行比较。对照与固定及保存阶段之间，皮肤和空肠的最大破裂力（MRF）没有统计学差异。观察到G2和G3的MRF变化较小，皮肤平均变化为（-14.2 N），空肠平均变化为（-0.28 N）。皮肤和空肠的破裂伸长率（RE）在所有时间都有显著差异。G3和G4的RE变化较小，皮肤差异为（1.32 mm），空肠差异为（0.23 mm）。30% SCAS的微生物学分析显示，第1组、第2组和第3组没有任何污染（需氧和厌氧微生物）。对于G4的第120天，鉴定出芽孢杆菌属，数量为1.0×10。
