Devi Sandhya, Yadav Neha, Yadav Rakesh
Department of Biotechnology formerly known as Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana 125001 India.
Central Instrumentation Laboratory, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401 India.
Indian J Microbiol. 2025 Mar;65(1):177-188. doi: 10.1007/s12088-024-01404-5. Epub 2024 Oct 7.
The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has pointed out the urgent need for rapid and accurate diagnostic tools to detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Nanotechnology-based biosensors have emerged as a promising solution due to their high sensitivity, specificity, and speed in detecting biological molecules. This article focuses on the advancements in using nanotechnology for the development of modern biosensors tailored for the detection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Various nanomaterials, such as quantum dots, metallic nanoparticles, and nanowires, have been harnessed to enhance the performance of biosensors, offering improved detection limits and specificity. Besides this, innovative detection platforms, such as field-effect transistors, surface plasmon resonance, and electrochemical sensors, have revolutionized the landscape of SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics. These nanotechnology-based biosensors demonstrate the potential for point-of-care testing, enabling rapid and on-site detection with minimal sample preparation. The scalability, cost-effectiveness, and portability of these biosensors make them suitable for mass screening efforts in various healthcare settings, including hospitals, clinics, and community centers. The development of reliable biosensors for SARS-CoV-2 detection aligns with global efforts to curb the spread of the virus through early identification and containment strategies.
新冠疫情的出现凸显了对快速准确诊断工具的迫切需求，以检测严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）。基于纳米技术的生物传感器因其在检测生物分子方面的高灵敏度、特异性和速度，已成为一种有前景的解决方案。本文重点介绍了利用纳米技术开发专门用于检测SARS-CoV-2病毒的现代生物传感器的进展。各种纳米材料，如量子点、金属纳米颗粒和纳米线，已被用于提高生物传感器的性能，提供更低的检测限和更高的特异性。除此之外，诸如场效应晶体管、表面等离子体共振和电化学传感器等创新检测平台，彻底改变了SARS-CoV-2诊断的格局。这些基于纳米技术的生物传感器展现了即时检测的潜力，能够在最少样品制备的情况下实现快速现场检测。这些生物传感器的可扩展性、成本效益和便携性使其适用于包括医院、诊所和社区中心在内的各种医疗环境中的大规模筛查工作。开发用于检测SARS-CoV-2的可靠生物传感器与通过早期识别和遏制策略来遏制病毒传播的全球努力相一致。
