The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has pointed out the urgent need for rapid and accurate diagnostic tools to detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Nanotechnology-based biosensors have emerged as a promising solution due to their high sensitivity, specificity, and speed in detecting biological molecules. This article focuses on the advancements in using nanotechnology for the development of modern biosensors tailored for the detection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Various nanomaterials, such as quantum dots, metallic nanoparticles, and nanowires, have been harnessed to enhance the performance of biosensors, offering improved detection limits and specificity. Besides this, innovative detection platforms, such as field-effect transistors, surface plasmon resonance, and electrochemical sensors, have revolutionized the landscape of SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics. These nanotechnology-based biosensors demonstrate the potential for point-of-care testing, enabling rapid and on-site detection with minimal sample preparation. The scalability, cost-effectiveness, and portability of these biosensors make them suitable for mass screening efforts in various healthcare settings, including hospitals, clinics, and community centers. The development of reliable biosensors for SARS-CoV-2 detection aligns with global efforts to curb the spread of the virus through early identification and containment strategies.