Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-598, Brazil; Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil; Graduate Program in Chemistry (PGQu), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil; Nanotechnology Network, Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20020-000, Brazil.
Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil; Graduate Program in Food Science (PPGCAL), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil; Graduate Program in Chemistry (PGQu), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil; Nanotechnology Network, Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20020-000, Brazil.
J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2022 Mar 20;211:114608. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114608. Epub 2022 Jan 25.
Coronavidae viruses, such as SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS-CoV, cause severe lower respiratory tract infection, acute respiratory distress syndrome and extrapulmonary manifestations, such as diarrhea and fever, eventually leading to death. Fast, accurate, reproductible, and cost-effective SARS-CoV-2 identification can be achieved employing nano-biosensors, reinforcing conventional methodologies to avoid the spread of COVID-19 within and across communities. Nano-biosensors built using gold, silver, graphene, InO nanowire and iron oxide nanoparticles, Quantum Dots and carbon nanofibers have been successfully employed to detect specific virus antigens - nucleic acid sequences and/or proteins -or host antibodies produced in response to viral infection. Biorecognition counterpart molecules have been immobilized on the surface of these nanomaterials, leading to selective virus detection by optical or electrochemical transducer systems. This systematic review assessed studies on described and tested immunonsensors and genosensors designed from distinct nanomaterials available at the Pubmed, Scopus, and Science Direct databases. Twenty-three nano biosensors were found suitable for unequivocal coronavirus detection in clinical samples. Nano-biosensors coupled to RT-LAMP/RT-PCR assays can optimize RNA extraction, reduce analysis times and/or eliminate sophisticated instrumentation. Although promising for the diagnosis of Coronavidae family members, further trials in large populations must be adequately and rigorously conducted to address nano-biosensor applicability in the clinical practice for early coronavirus infection detection.
冠状病毒科病毒，如 SARS-CoV、SARS-CoV-2 和 MERS-CoV，可引起严重的下呼吸道感染、急性呼吸窘迫综合征和肺外表现，如腹泻和发热，最终导致死亡。快速、准确、可重复且具有成本效益的 SARS-CoV-2 鉴定可以通过纳米生物传感器来实现，从而加强传统方法，以避免 COVID-19 在社区内和社区之间的传播。使用金、银、石墨烯、InO 纳米线和氧化铁纳米粒子、量子点和碳纤维构建的纳米生物传感器已成功用于检测特定的病毒抗原——核酸序列和/或蛋白质——或宿主对病毒感染产生的抗体。生物识别对应分子被固定在这些纳米材料的表面上，通过光学或电化学换能器系统实现对病毒的选择性检测。本系统评价评估了来自 Pubmed、Scopus 和 Science Direct 数据库中描述和测试的免疫传感器和基因传感器的研究，这些传感器是由不同的纳米材料设计的。发现 23 种纳米生物传感器适用于临床样本中冠状病毒的明确检测。与 RT-LAMP/RT-PCR 检测法偶联的纳米生物传感器可以优化 RNA 提取，缩短分析时间和/或消除复杂的仪器。尽管在冠状病毒家族成员的诊断方面很有前景，但必须在大人群中进行充分和严格的进一步试验，以解决纳米生物传感器在临床实践中用于早期冠状病毒感染检测的适用性问题。
