Kawakami Y, Shida A, Yamamoto H, Yoshikawa T
Chest. 1985 Apr;87(4):507-11. doi: 10.1378/chest.87.4.507.
Whether genetic factors influence small airway function and lung volume was examined in 20 adolescent (mean age, 16.2 +/- SD 1.1 years) monozygotic twin pairs, 11 adolescent (mean age, 16.7 +/- 0.7 years) dizygotic twin pairs, and 20 adult (mean age, 38.7 +/- 9.3 years) monozygotic twin pairs. Within-pair variances of adolescent dizygotic twins for height, FVC, FEV1/FVC, V50, V25, V50/FVC, FRC, and delta N2 were significantly larger than those of adolescent monozygotic twins, indicating that these pulmonary function variables are influenced predominantly by genetic factors in adolescence. Within-pair variances of adult monozygotic twins were similar to those of adolescent monozygotic twins in terms of V50 and V25, indicating that these pulmonary function variables are influenced predominantly by genetic factors in adulthood. These results indicate that small airway dynamics, in terms of V50 and V25, are influenced in larger part by genetic factors in adolescence as well as adulthood, whereas lung volumes in terms of FRC and FVC are controlled by genetics only in adolescence.
在20对青少年（平均年龄16.2±标准差1.1岁）同卵双胞胎、11对青少年（平均年龄16.7±0.7岁）异卵双胞胎以及20对成年人（平均年龄38.7±9.3岁）同卵双胞胎中，研究了遗传因素是否影响小气道功能和肺容量。青少年异卵双胞胎在身高、用力肺活量（FVC）、第一秒用力呼气容积/用力肺活量（FEV1/FVC）、V50、V25、V50/FVC、功能残气量（FRC）和氮增量（delta N2）方面的双胞胎对内差异显著大于青少年同卵双胞胎，这表明在青少年期，这些肺功能变量主要受遗传因素影响。就V50和V25而言，成年同卵双胞胎的双胞胎对内差异与青少年同卵双胞胎相似，这表明在成年期，这些肺功能变量也主要受遗传因素影响。这些结果表明，就V50和V25而言，小气道动力学在青少年期和成年期都在很大程度上受遗传因素影响，而FRC和FVC方面的肺容量仅在青少年期受遗传因素控制。
