Chatterjee S, Das N
University College of Science and Technology, Calcutta, India.
Ann Hum Biol. 1995 Jul-Aug;22(4):289-303. doi: 10.1080/03014469500003962.
The relative contributions of genetic and environmental components in the variability of lung function measurements were studied in 54 twin pairs. Thirty pairs of monozygote (MZ) twins and 24 pairs of dizygotic (DZ) twins were examined. All measurements were made with 9-litre closed-circuit-type expirographs using standard spirometric techniques, except for peak expiratory flow rate (PFER) which was recorded with a Wright peak flow meter. Within-pair variances for inspiratory capacity (IC), vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced mid-expiratory flow (FEV25-75%), forced end-expiratory flow (FEF75-85%), maximum expiratory flow (FEF200-1200ml), forced maximum voluntary ventilation MVVF) and PEFR were significantly smaller (p < 0.01) in MZ twins than in DZ twins. Tidal volume (VT), inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), expiratory reserve volume (ERV), forced expiratory volume in 1 second as a percentage of forced vital capacity (FEV1%), and forced expiratory time (FET) were not significantly different. Within-pair correlations were all higher in MZ than DZ twins. All measurements except for VT and PEFR showed high levels of heritability (23-99%). All measurements were positively and significantly correlated with physical characteristics such as weight, standing height, surface area, arm-span, chest circumference and age, except FEV1% and FET. Residual values adjusted for physical characteristics showed similar results to unadjusted values in most cases. These data indicate that major lung function measurements are possibly influenced more by genetic than environmental factors. Genetically influenced measurements show higher levels of heritability estimates and suggest that genetic determination of lung function is possibly independent of the influence of physical characteristics.
在54对双胞胎中研究了遗传和环境因素对肺功能测量值变异性的相对贡献。检查了30对单卵（MZ）双胞胎和24对双卵（DZ）双胞胎。除了用赖特峰值流量计记录的呼气峰值流速（PEFR）外，所有测量均使用9升闭路式呼吸描记器，采用标准肺量计技术进行。MZ双胞胎的吸气容量（IC）、肺活量（VC）、用力肺活量（FVC）、1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、用力呼气中期流速（FEV25 - 75%）、用力呼气末流速（FEF75 - 85%）、最大呼气流量（FEF200 - 1200ml）、用力最大自主通气量（MVVF）和PEFR的配对内方差显著小于（p < 0.01）DZ双胞胎。潮气量（VT）、吸气储备量（IRV）、呼气储备量（ERV）、1秒用力呼气量占用力肺活量的百分比（FEV1%）和用力呼气时间（FET）无显著差异。MZ双胞胎的配对内相关性均高于DZ双胞胎。除VT和PEFR外，所有测量均显示出较高的遗传度水平（23 - 99%）。除FEV1%和FET外，所有测量均与体重、身高、体表面积、臂展、胸围和年龄等身体特征呈显著正相关。在大多数情况下，经身体特征调整后的残差值与未调整值显示出相似的结果。这些数据表明，主要的肺功能测量可能受遗传因素的影响大于环境因素。受遗传影响的测量显示出较高的遗传度估计值，表明肺功能的遗传决定可能独立于身体特征的影响。
