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布氏锥虫运动建模。

Modelling motility of Trypanosoma brucei.

作者信息

Overberg Florian A, Jamshidi Khameneh Narges, Krüger Timothy, Engstler Markus, Gompper Gerhard, Fedosov Dmitry A

机构信息

Theoretical Physics of Living Matter, Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.

Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

出版信息

PLoS Comput Biol. 2025 May 21;21(5):e1013111. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013111. eCollection 2025 May.

DOI:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013111
PMID:40397907
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12136433/
Abstract

African trypanosomiasis, or sleeping sickness, is a life-threatening disease caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei. The bloodstream form of T. brucei has a slender body with a relatively long active flagellum, which makes it an excellent swimmer. We develop a realistic trypanosome model and perform mesoscale hydrodynamic simulations to study the importance of various mechanical characteristics for trypanosome swimming behavior. The membrane of the cell body is represented by an elastic triangulated network, while the attached flagellum consists of four interconnected running-in-parallel filaments with an active travelling bending wave, which permits a good control of the flagellum beating plane. Our simulation results are validated against experimental observations, and highlight the crucial role of body elasticity, non-uniform actuation along the flagellum length, and the orientation of flagellum-beating plane with respect to the body surface for trypanosome locomotion. These results offer a framework for exploring parasite behavior in complex environments.

摘要

非洲锥虫病，即昏睡病，是一种由原生动物寄生虫布氏锥虫引起的危及生命的疾病。布氏锥虫的血流型具有细长的身体和相对较长的活动鞭毛，这使其成为出色的游动者。我们开发了一个逼真的锥虫模型，并进行了中尺度流体动力学模拟，以研究各种机械特性对锥虫游动行为的重要性。细胞体的膜由弹性三角网络表示，而附着的鞭毛由四根相互连接的平行细丝组成，带有一个活跃的行进弯曲波，这使得能够很好地控制鞭毛的摆动平面。我们的模拟结果与实验观察结果进行了验证，并突出了身体弹性、沿鞭毛长度的非均匀驱动以及鞭毛摆动平面相对于身体表面的方向对锥虫运动的关键作用。这些结果为探索寄生虫在复杂环境中的行为提供了一个框架。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8669/12136433/7e38338d744c/pcbi.1013111.g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8669/12136433/763906a3e4a6/pcbi.1013111.g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8669/12136433/74bf19599f61/pcbi.1013111.g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8669/12136433/67da31b0686f/pcbi.1013111.g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8669/12136433/879a8d2b806c/pcbi.1013111.g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8669/12136433/9473b88470e7/pcbi.1013111.g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8669/12136433/25efbea40e98/pcbi.1013111.g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8669/12136433/51e7d90b223b/pcbi.1013111.g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8669/12136433/eb81fa4483eb/pcbi.1013111.g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8669/12136433/7e38338d744c/pcbi.1013111.g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8669/12136433/763906a3e4a6/pcbi.1013111.g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8669/12136433/74bf19599f61/pcbi.1013111.g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8669/12136433/67da31b0686f/pcbi.1013111.g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8669/12136433/879a8d2b806c/pcbi.1013111.g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8669/12136433/9473b88470e7/pcbi.1013111.g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8669/12136433/25efbea40e98/pcbi.1013111.g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8669/12136433/51e7d90b223b/pcbi.1013111.g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8669/12136433/eb81fa4483eb/pcbi.1013111.g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8669/12136433/7e38338d744c/pcbi.1013111.g009.jpg

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本文引用的文献

1
Viscotaxis of beating flagella.跳动鞭毛的黏性趋性。
Soft Matter. 2025 Apr 30;21(17):3228-3239. doi: 10.1039/d4sm01328j.
2
The 2025 motile active matter roadmap.2025年可移动活性物质路线图。
J Phys Condens Matter. 2025 Feb 19;37(14):143501. doi: 10.1088/1361-648X/adac98.
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The reaction-diffusion basis of animated patterns in eukaryotic flagella.真核鞭毛中动画图案的反应扩散基础。
Nat Commun. 2023 Sep 27;14(1):5638. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-40338-2.
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Expansion microscopy facilitates quantitative super-resolution studies of cytoskeletal structures in kinetoplastid parasites.扩展显微镜技术促进了动基体目寄生虫细胞骨架结构的定量超分辨率研究。
Open Biol. 2021 Sep;11(9):210131. doi: 10.1098/rsob.210131. Epub 2021 Sep 1.
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The Trypanosoma brucei subpellicular microtubule array is organized into functionally discrete subdomains defined by microtubule associated proteins.布氏锥虫的皮层下微管阵列组织成功能上不同的亚域，由微管相关蛋白定义。
PLoS Pathog. 2021 May 19;17(5):e1009588. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009588. eCollection 2021 May.
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The single flagellum of has a fixed polarisation of its asymmetric beat.具有固定极性的单一鞭毛呈不对称拍打。
J Cell Sci. 2020 Oct 22;133(20):jcs246637. doi: 10.1242/jcs.246637.
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Motility patterns of Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes correlate with the efficiency of parasite invasion in vitro.克氏锥虫鞭毛体的运动模式与寄生虫在体外入侵的效率相关。
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Developmental adaptations of trypanosome motility to the tsetse fly host environments unravel a multifaceted in vivo microswimmer system.锥虫运动对采采蝇宿主环境的发育适应性揭示了一个多方面的体内微型游泳者系统。
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