Alemu Woinshet Kassie, Worku Limenew Abate, Bachheti Rakesh Kumar, Bachheti Archana
Department of Industrial Chemistry, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Addis Ababa Sciences and Technology University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Debre Tabor University, College of Natural and Computational Science, Department of Chemistry, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2025 May 22;20(5):e0324799. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0324799. eCollection 2025.
This study investigates the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Rhus vulgaris fruit extract (RVFE) and evaluates their antioxidant, antibacterial, and UV protection properties. R. vulgaris, a member of the Anacardiaceae family, is known for its rich phytochemical profile, including phenols, glycosides, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids, which contribute to its medicinal properties. The AgNPs were synthesized by mixing RVFE with silver nitrate (AgNO₃) under optimized conditions: a temperature of 80 °C, a pH of 9, a reaction time of 40 minutes, and a 9:1 AgNO₃-to-RVFE ratio. Characterization of the synthesized AgNPs was performed using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and zeta potential analysis. The results confirmed the successful synthesis, with AgNPs exhibiting an average size of approximately 14.64 ± 0.4 nm and a zeta potential of -26.0 mV, indicating good stability. The antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH radical scavenging assay, revealing a maximum inhibition of 53.7% ± 0.12% with an IC₅₀ value of 81.2 μg/mL. Antibacterial tests demonstrated significant activity against various bacterial strains, with inhibition zones ranging from 23.88 ± 1.10 mm to 30.21 ± 1.21 mm, indicating a stronger effect against Gram-negative bacteria. Additionally, the synthesized AgNPs exhibited a high Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of 234.5, suggesting their potential as effective UV blockers.This study highlights the promising applications of AgNPs-RVFE in biotechnology, medicine, and healthcare, emphasizing their eco-friendly synthesis and significant biological activities.
本研究探讨了利用盐肤木果实提取物（RVFE）合成银纳米颗粒（AgNPs），并评估了它们的抗氧化、抗菌和紫外线防护性能。盐肤木是漆树科的一员，以其丰富的植物化学成分而闻名，包括酚类、糖苷、生物碱、皂苷、单宁和萜类化合物，这些成分赋予了它药用特性。通过在优化条件下将RVFE与硝酸银（AgNO₃）混合来合成AgNPs：温度为80°C，pH值为9，反应时间为40分钟，AgNO₃与RVFE的比例为9:1。使用紫外可见光谱、傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）和zeta电位分析对合成的AgNPs进行表征。结果证实了合成成功，AgNPs的平均粒径约为14.64±0.4nm，zeta电位为-26.0mV，表明具有良好的稳定性。使用DPPH自由基清除试验评估抗氧化活性，结果显示最大抑制率为53.7%±0.12%，IC₅₀值为81.2μg/mL。抗菌测试表明对各种细菌菌株具有显著活性，抑菌圈范围为23.88±1.10mm至30.21±1.21mm，表明对革兰氏阴性菌的作用更强。此外，合成的AgNPs表现出234.5的高防晒系数（SPF），表明它们作为有效的紫外线阻滞剂的潜力。本研究突出了AgNPs-RVFE在生物技术、医学和医疗保健方面的应用前景，强调了它们的环保合成和显著的生物活性。
