Jiang Guoqing, Zhou Zhiyi, Li Xiaojuan, Qian Yuan, Wang Kunhua
Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China.
Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China.
Matern Fetal Med. 2021 Feb 3;5(1):36-43. doi: 10.1097/FM9.0000000000000091. eCollection 2023 Jan.
Gut microbiota is symbiotic and interdependent with human body. Intestinal probiotics are colonized in the human gastrointestinal tract, which can improve the host intestinal microenvironment and enhance the intestinal function and immune function of the human body. A small number of opportunistic pathogens exist in the intestinal tract. Once the number of pathogens exceeds the threshold of intestinal tolerance, the intestinal micro-ecological balance can be destroyed, and various diseases may thus develop. Pregnancy is a special status with different physiologic changing stages. In the meanwhile, alterations in the gut microbiome populations occur, which can promote the differentiation, development, and maturation of fetal organs by affecting maternal metabolism. Compared with normal pregnant women, great changes in the gastrointestinal function and gut microbiome may take place in pregnant women with pregnancy-related complications, in which these changes include the number, species, and intestinal translocation. The composition of the maternal gut microbiome could contribute to pregnancy and obstetric outcomes, and long-term health of mother and child. The relationships of pregnancy to gut microbiome have attracted an increasing attention in recent years. This article will provide a summary review of the research studies of gut microbiome in normal pregnant women versus abnormal pregnancy women with complications.
肠道微生物群与人体共生且相互依存。肠道益生菌定殖于人体胃肠道，可改善宿主肠道微环境，增强人体肠道功能和免疫功能。肠道中存在少量机会致病菌。一旦病原体数量超过肠道耐受阈值，肠道微生态平衡就会被破坏，进而可能引发各种疾病。妊娠是一种具有不同生理变化阶段的特殊状态。与此同时，肠道微生物群也会发生变化，可通过影响母体代谢促进胎儿器官的分化、发育和成熟。与正常孕妇相比，患有妊娠相关并发症的孕妇胃肠道功能和肠道微生物群可能会发生巨大变化，这些变化包括数量、种类以及肠道移位。母体肠道微生物群的组成可能会影响妊娠和产科结局，以及母婴的长期健康。近年来，妊娠与肠道微生物群的关系越来越受到关注。本文将对正常孕妇与患有并发症的异常妊娠妇女的肠道微生物群研究进行综述。
