Abdou Heba M, El-Gendy Amel H, Aly Rania Gaber, Abouzied Mekky M, Eltahir Heba M, Al Thagfan Sultan S, Eweda Saber M
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt.
J Xenobiot. 2025 Apr 29;15(3):64. doi: 10.3390/jox15030064.
The excessive intake of monosodium glutamate (MSG) increases its cellular levels in different organs and induces organ toxicity. The current study aims to investigate the metabolic changes and possible causes of hepatic, renal, and cardiac toxicity induced by MSG overconsumption. Thirty adult male rats were randomly allocated into five groups: control, MSG0.8, MSG1, MSG2, and MSG3, which were orally treated with a daily oral dose of saline, 0.8, 1, 2, and 3 g MSG/kg BW, respectively, for eight weeks. The hepatic, renal, and cardiac biochemical markers; lipid profile; glucose; electrolytes; iNOS; α-KGD; oxidative stress; and inflammatory markers were investigated. The histopathological examination of hepatic and renal tissues was also performed. The results revealed MSG-induced hepato-renal and cardiac toxicity, as indicated by the changes in the biochemical markers and tissue architecture of these organs. The toxicity is observed in the form of dyslipidemia, oxidative stress (increased MDA and NO and decreased GSH, SOD, CAT, and GST), and inflammatory responses (increased TNF-α and IL-6). The histopathological changes in liver and kidney architecture confirmed the obtained results. In conclusion, the MSG-induced hepatic, renal, and cardiac toxicity was dose-dependent, and awareness should be raised about the side effects of the overconsumption of MSG.
过量摄入味精（MSG）会增加其在不同器官中的细胞水平，并引发器官毒性。本研究旨在探讨过量食用味精所导致的肝脏、肾脏和心脏毒性的代谢变化及可能原因。将30只成年雄性大鼠随机分为五组：对照组、MSG0.8组、MSG1组、MSG2组和MSG3组，分别每日口服给予生理盐水、0.8、1、2和3 g味精/千克体重，持续八周。检测了肝脏、肾脏和心脏的生化标志物、血脂谱、血糖、电解质、诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）、α-酮戊二酸脱氢酶（α-KGD）、氧化应激和炎症标志物。还对肝脏和肾脏组织进行了组织病理学检查。结果显示，味精导致了肝脏、肾脏和心脏毒性，这些器官的生化标志物和组织结构变化表明了这一点。毒性表现为血脂异常、氧化应激（丙二醛和一氧化氮增加，谷胱甘肽、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶降低）以及炎症反应（肿瘤坏死因子-α和白细胞介素-6增加）。肝脏和肾脏结构的组织病理学变化证实了所得结果。总之，味精诱导的肝脏、肾脏和心脏毒性具有剂量依赖性，应提高人们对过量食用味精副作用的认识。
