Fekri Mehra, Dehesh Paria, Tahmasbi Arashlow Farzin, Layegh Hojjat, Zaresharifi Shirin, Nejadghaderi Seyed Aria
School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 23;15(1):17904. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-99434-6.
Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), accounts for approximately 90% of skin cancers. Global incidence is rising, with projections showing a significant increase in cases and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). However, research on NMSC in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is limited. This study aims to assess the epidemiology and burden of NMSC in the MENA region from 1990 to 2021, by sex, age, and socio-demographic index (SDI). The analysis used data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 on age-standardized rates and cases of incidence, prevalence, deaths, and DALYs. Estimation of NMSCs death was performed by the Cause of Death Ensemble model, while DisMod-MR 2.1 was used for non-fatal outcomes. Counts and rates were presented with 95% uncertainty intervals. In 2021, the MENA region reported an age-standardized incidence rate of 6.7 per 100,000 population for NMSC, a 14% decrease from 1990. However, the age-standardized death rate increased by 10.5% to 0.3, and the DALY rate increased by 8.2% to 4.9 per 100,000. Among the countries, Turkey had the highest age-standardized DALY rate of 13.5 and the Syrian Arab Republic had the lowest with 0.1 per 100,000. Most cases of the disease were observed in older age groups, especially men aged 65-69 and women aged 60-64. Men had higher incidence, mortality, and DALYs than women in all age groups. From 1990 to 2021, the burden of NMSC increased with increasing SDI. There is variations in the NMSC burden in the MENA region. Interdisciplinary education, policy changes, and healthcare improvements are essential to reduce the burden and incidence of NMSCs in the coming years, particularly in the elderly and high SDI countries.
非黑色素瘤皮肤癌（NMSC）约占皮肤癌的90%。全球发病率呈上升趋势，预计病例数和伤残调整生命年（DALY）将显著增加。然而，中东和北非（MENA）地区对NMSC的研究有限。本研究旨在按性别、年龄和社会人口指数（SDI）评估1990年至2021年MENA地区NMSC的流行病学情况和负担。该分析使用了《2021年全球疾病负担》中关于年龄标准化发病率、患病率、死亡率和DALY的病例数据。NMSC死亡估计采用死因汇总模型，而非致命结局则使用DisMod-MR 2.1。计数和率以95%的不确定性区间呈现。2021年，MENA地区报告的NMSC年龄标准化发病率为每10万人6.7例，较1990年下降了14%。然而，年龄标准化死亡率上升了10.5%，至每10万人0.3例，DALY率上升了8.2%，至每10万人4.9例。在这些国家中，土耳其的年龄标准化DALY率最高，为每10万人13.5例，阿拉伯叙利亚共和国最低，为每10万人0.1例。该疾病的大多数病例出现在老年群体中，尤其是65 - 69岁的男性和60 - 64岁的女性。在所有年龄组中，男性的发病率、死亡率和DALY均高于女性。从1990年到2021年，NMSC的负担随着SDI的增加而增加。MENA地区NMSC的负担存在差异。跨学科教育、政策变革和医疗保健改善对于在未来几年减轻NMSC的负担和发病率至关重要，特别是在老年人群体和高SDI国家。
