Cao Jie, Guo Meijie, Wang Jinfeng, Mei Jun, Xie Jing
College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2025 May 26;51(3):103. doi: 10.1007/s10695-025-01500-3.
Plant-based essential oils have been considered to be used as fish anesthetics and as suitable alternatives to synthetic anesthetics. In this study, we evaluated the effect of Cinnamomum camphora var. linaloofera Fujita essential oil (CFEO), MS-222 and linalool on anesthetic induction and recovery of spotted seabass, Lateolabrax maculatus, and verified their sedative effects during simulated transportation. A total of 198 live spotted seabass samples were subjected to various concentrations of MS-222, CFEO, and linalool: 10, 20, 30, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg L, individually, to evaluate the anesthetic induction time. MS-222, CFEO, and linalool all showed a deep sedation in spotted seabass at 20 mg L. The minimum concentration required to achieve profound anesthesia in spotted seabass was found to be 50 mg L MS-222, 100 mg L CFEO, and 50 mg L linalool, respectively. In addition, 120 healthy spotted seabass (400 g ± 3.5 g) were randomly divided into four groups, which were tranquilized by 20 mg L CFEO, linalool, and MS-222, and the control fish were kept in clean seawater without anesthetics and essential oils. Then, the spotted seabass was simulated to be transported in a vibrating conveyor under 100 rpm at 12 °C for 24 h. The results showed that the fish transported with MS-222 and CFEO showed lower expressions in cytokine (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1 beta) compared to fish transported with linalool. Sedation with linalool reduced oxidative stress (higher superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities) in transport compared to the control but did not prevent changes in the activities of heat shock protein. In general, the efficacy of CFEO in anesthetizing and sedating spotted seabass and mitigating transport stress was as good as or better than that of MS-222, demonstrating it has the potential to be used as a new and natural sedation for spotted seabass during transport.
植物源精油已被认为可用于鱼类麻醉，并作为合成麻醉剂的合适替代品。在本研究中，我们评估了芳樟叶樟精油（CFEO）、MS-222和芳樟醇对斑尾鲈（Lateolabrax maculatus）麻醉诱导和恢复的影响，并验证了它们在模拟运输过程中的镇静效果。总共198个活斑尾鲈样本分别接受了不同浓度的MS-222、CFEO和芳樟醇处理：10、20、30、50、100、150和200毫克/升，以评估麻醉诱导时间。MS-222、CFEO和芳樟醇在20毫克/升时均使斑尾鲈深度镇静。使斑尾鲈达到深度麻醉所需的最低浓度分别为50毫克/升MS-222、100毫克/升CFEO和50毫克/升芳樟醇。此外，120条健康斑尾鲈（400克±3.5克）被随机分为四组，分别用20毫克/升CFEO、芳樟醇和MS-222进行镇静处理，对照鱼饲养在不含麻醉剂和精油的清洁海水中。然后，模拟斑尾鲈在12℃下以100转/分钟的振动传送带上运输24小时。结果表明，与用芳樟醇运输的鱼相比，用MS-222和CFEO运输的鱼细胞因子（肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-6和白细胞介素-1β）表达较低。与对照相比，用芳樟醇镇静可降低运输过程中的氧化应激（超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性较高），但不能防止热休克蛋白活性的变化。总体而言，CFEO在麻醉和镇静斑尾鲈以及减轻运输应激方面的效果与MS-222相当或更好，表明它有潜力在运输过程中用作斑尾鲈新的天然镇静剂。
