Marsigliante Santo, My Giulia, Selmi Okba, Villani Enrico Paolo, Hawani Aymen, Muscella Antonella
Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy.
High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba Kef, Jendouba, Tunisia.
Physiol Rep. 2025 May;13(10):e70382. doi: 10.14814/phy2.70382.
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a soccer season on the lipid profile of professional soccer players. Forty male players participated in the study. Blood samples for lipid profile analysis were collected at four time points: before the start of the training period (T0), immediately after the 4-week training phase (T1), at mid-season (T2, 23 weeks after T0), and the end of the season (T3, 43 weeks after T0). Throughout the competitive season, there was a significant decrease in body fat percentage (BFP, p < 0.001, RM-ANOVA) and an increase in fat-free mass (FFM, p < 0.001, RM-ANOVA). Plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC) and LDL cholesterol (LDL) significantly decreased (TC: p = 0.003, LDL: p = 0.033, RM-ANOVA), whereas HDL cholesterol (HDL) levels increased significantly in response to training (p = 0.013, RM-ANOVA). Triglyceride (TG) concentrations were significantly higher before the season than after (p < 0.001, RM-ANOVA). Additionally, the LDL/HDL and TC/HDL ratios showed significant reductions over the season (LDL/HDL: p = 0.004, TC/HDL: p < 0.001, RM-ANOVA). The observed decrease in LDL, TC, and TG levels, along with the increase in HDL levels at the end of the season. These results suggest that regular soccer training induces favorable changes in the lipid profile of professional players. Further studies are needed to determine whether such changes are associated with long-term health outcomes in elite athletes, particularly considering their typically low baseline risk for cardiovascular conditions.
本研究旨在评估一个足球赛季对职业足球运动员血脂谱的影响。40名男性球员参与了该研究。在四个时间点采集用于血脂谱分析的血样：训练期开始前（T0）、4周训练阶段结束后立即（T1）、赛季中期（T2，T0后23周）以及赛季结束时（T3，T0后43周）。在整个比赛赛季中，体脂百分比（BFP，p < 0.001，重复测量方差分析）显著下降，去脂体重（FFM，p < 0.001，重复测量方差分析）增加。总胆固醇（TC）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL）的血浆水平显著下降（TC：p = 0.003，LDL：p = 0.033，重复测量方差分析），而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL）水平因训练而显著增加（p = 0.013，重复测量方差分析）。赛季前甘油三酯（TG）浓度显著高于赛季后（p < 0.001，重复测量方差分析）。此外，LDL/HDL和TC/HDL比值在整个赛季中显著降低（LDL/HDL：p = 0.004，TC/HDL：p < 0.001，重复测量方差分析）。观察到赛季末LDL、TC和TG水平下降，同时HDL水平升高。这些结果表明，定期的足球训练会使职业球员的血脂谱发生有益变化。需要进一步研究以确定这些变化是否与精英运动员的长期健康结果相关，特别是考虑到他们通常患心血管疾病的基线风险较低。
