Dobles Villegas María Teresa, Sanchez-Sanchez Hugo, Schoeps Konstanze, Montoya-Castilla Inmaculada
Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibáñez 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2025 May 20;15(5):89. doi: 10.3390/ejihpe15050089.
There is strong empirical evidence on the benefits of emotional competencies, self-esteem, and resilience for well-being in the youth and adult populations. However, little research has been conducted to identify protective factors for well-being among emerging adults in rural areas of Costa Rica, which are particularly vulnerable. This study aims to examine the relationships between emotional competencies and dimensions of psychological well-being, as well as the mediating role of self-esteem and resilience in Costa Rican university students. The sample consisted of 328 students aged 18 to 30 years ( = 21.31, = 3.28), of whom 47.90% were women. This study utilized Ryff's Psychological Well-being Scale, the Emotional Skills and Competence Questionnaire, Rosenberg's General Self-esteem Scale, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. The results indicated that emotional competencies, particularly emotion management and regulation, have direct positive effects on psychological well-being. Additionally, self-esteem played a mediating role, showing indirect effects between emotional competencies and the dimensions of psychological well-being. Resilience had a less pronounced mediating role than self-esteem in terms of effect size and the number of significant relationships. Moreover, negative effects were identified between emotional perception and understanding and certain well-being dimensions, such as positive relationships and environmental mastery. The findings provide evidence that emotional competencies, self-esteem, and resilience are key factors in promoting psychological well-being among emerging adults in rural areas of Costa Rica. These results highlight the importance of fostering emotional skills and strengthening self-esteem, particularly in emerging adults from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds.
有强有力的实证证据表明，情绪能力、自尊和心理韧性对青年和成年人群的幸福感有益。然而，针对哥斯达黎加农村地区特别脆弱的新兴成年人，很少有研究去确定其幸福感的保护因素。本研究旨在考察情绪能力与心理健康维度之间的关系，以及自尊和心理韧性在哥斯达黎加大学生中的中介作用。样本包括328名年龄在18至30岁之间的学生（平均年龄 = 21.31，标准差 = 3.28），其中47.90%为女性。本研究使用了赖夫心理健康量表、情绪技能与能力问卷、罗森伯格总体自尊量表和康纳 - 戴维森心理韧性量表。结果表明，情绪能力，尤其是情绪管理和调节，对心理健康有直接的积极影响。此外，自尊起到了中介作用，显示出情绪能力与心理健康维度之间的间接影响。就效应大小和显著关系的数量而言，心理韧性的中介作用不如自尊明显。此外，还发现情绪感知与理解和某些幸福感维度（如积极关系和环境掌控）之间存在负面影响。研究结果证明，情绪能力、自尊和心理韧性是促进哥斯达黎加农村地区新兴成年人心理健康的关键因素。这些结果凸显了培养情绪技能和增强自尊的重要性，特别是对于来自社会经济弱势背景的新兴成年人。
