Scheschenja Michael, Jedelská Jarmila, Juchems Eva, Weinmann Marc, Pagenstecher Axel, Helmprobst Frederik, Buchholz Malte, Tatura Marina, Schaefer Jens, Bakowsky Udo, König Alexander M, Mahnken Andreas H
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Mouse Pathology and Electron Microscopy-Core Facility, Institute of Neuropathology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Eur Radiol Exp. 2025 May 27;9(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s41747-025-00592-z.
The chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model has been utilized for radiofrequency ablation and electroporation, but not yet for cryoablation. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of the CAM model for preclinical cryoablation research.
Two cryoablation protocols were established for the study: 120 s-freeze-120 s-thaw-120 s freeze (120 s protocol) and 180 s-freeze-120 s-thaw-180 s freeze (180 s protocol). The study was divided into two parts. First, to evaluate embryo survival, fertilized chicken eggs were incubated. On embryonic day (ED) 12, cryoablation on CAM was performed according to the two protocols. During cryoablation, the temperature of the CAM was recorded using a thermal camera. Embryo survival was monitored until ED 14. Second, to evaluate tumor cryoablation, human neuroendocrine tumor cells (BON-1) were xenografted onto the CAM of fertilized chicken eggs at ED 8. Cryoablation of the xenografted tumors was then performed on ED 12 according to the two protocols. Ablation outcomes were evaluated by stereomicroscopic and histological assessments after harvesting on ED 14.
Embryo survival rates were 8/9 in both protocols. A decrease in the peripheral temperature of 4.5 (± 0.9) °C and 6.7 (± 1.0) °C was observed in the 120 s and 180 s protocols, respectively. Complete ablation of CAM-grown tumors was observed in 2/6 (120 s protocol) and 2/5 (180 s protocol) cases, few scattered tumor cells remaining in 2/6 (120 s protocol) and 2/5 (180 s protocol) cases. Residual interconnected tumor cells were visible in 2/6 (120 s protocol) and 1/5 (180 s protocol) cases.
The CAM model is a feasible platform for preclinical cryoablation studies.
Chorioallantoic membrane model is a suitable platform for preclinical cryoablation research.
Chick embryos tolerate the temperature drop during cryoablation well with high survival. Effectiveness of cryoablation on xenografted tumors can be histologically evaluated. Cryoablation protocols for xenografted tumors can be further optimized.
鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜（CAM）模型已被用于射频消融和电穿孔，但尚未用于冷冻消融。本研究旨在评估CAM模型用于临床前冷冻消融研究的可行性。
本研究建立了两种冷冻消融方案：120秒冷冻-120秒解冻-120秒冷冻（120秒方案）和180秒冷冻-120秒解冻-180秒冷冻（180秒方案）。研究分为两部分。首先，为评估胚胎存活率，将受精鸡蛋进行孵化。在胚胎第12天，根据两种方案对CAM进行冷冻消融。冷冻消融过程中，使用热成像仪记录CAM的温度。监测胚胎存活至第14天。其次，为评估肿瘤冷冻消融效果，在胚胎第8天将人神经内分泌肿瘤细胞（BON-1）异种移植到受精鸡蛋的CAM上。然后在胚胎第12天根据两种方案对异种移植肿瘤进行冷冻消融。在胚胎第14天收获后，通过体视显微镜和组织学评估消融结果。
两种方案的胚胎存活率均为8/9。在120秒和180秒方案中，分别观察到外周温度下降4.5（±0.9）℃和6.7（±1.0）℃。在2/6（120秒方案）和2/5（180秒方案）的病例中观察到CAM上生长的肿瘤完全消融，在2/6（120秒方案）和2/5（180秒方案）的病例中残留少量散在肿瘤细胞。在2/6（120秒方案）和1/5（180秒方案）的病例中可见残留的相互连接的肿瘤细胞。
CAM模型是临床前冷冻消融研究的可行平台。
绒毛尿囊膜模型是临床前冷冻消融研究的合适平台。
鸡胚对冷冻消融过程中的温度下降耐受性良好，存活率高。可通过组织学评估冷冻消融对异种移植肿瘤的有效性。异种移植肿瘤的冷冻消融方案可进一步优化。
