Kundeková Barbora, Máčajová Mariana, Meta Majlinda, Čavarga Ivan, Bilčík Boris
Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, CBs SAS, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia.
St. Elizabeth Cancer Institute, 812 50 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Biology (Basel). 2021 Apr 6;10(4):301. doi: 10.3390/biology10040301.
The chorioallantoic membrane model (CAM) of an avian embryo is used as an experimental model in various fields of research, including angiogenesis research and drug testing, xenografting and cancer research, and other scientific and commercial disciplines in microbiology, biochemistry, cosmetics, etc. It is a low-cost, low-maintenance, and well-available in vivo animal model that is non-sentient and can be used as an alternative for other mammal experimental models. It respects the principles of the "3R" rule (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement)-conditions set out for scientific community providing an essential framework for conducting a more human animal research, which is also in line with constantly raising public awareness of welfare and the ethics related to the use of animal experimental models. In this review, we describe the chorioallantoic membrane of an avian embryo, focusing on its properties and development, its advantages and disadvantages as an experimental model, and the possibilities of its application in various fields of biological research. Since the most common chicken CAM model is already well known and described in many publications, we are particularly focusing on the advantages and application of less known avian species that are used for the CAM model-quail, turkey, and duck.
禽胚绒毛尿囊膜模型（CAM）在包括血管生成研究、药物测试、异种移植和癌症研究以及微生物学、生物化学、化妆品等其他科学和商业学科的各个研究领域中被用作实验模型。它是一种低成本、易于维护且易于获得的体内动物模型，不具有感知能力，可作为其他哺乳动物实验模型的替代品。它遵循“3R”原则（替代、减少和优化）——为科学界设定的条件，为开展更人道的动物研究提供了基本框架，这也符合公众对动物实验模型使用的福利和伦理意识的不断提高。在这篇综述中，我们描述了禽胚绒毛尿囊膜，重点介绍了其特性和发育、作为实验模型的优缺点以及在生物研究各个领域中的应用可能性。由于最常见的鸡CAM模型在许多出版物中已经广为人知并有所描述，我们特别关注用于CAM模型的鲜为人知的禽类物种——鹌鹑、火鸡和鸭子的优点和应用。
