Chrustek Agnieszka, Dombrowska-Pali Agnieszka, Olszewska-Słonina Dorota
Department of Pathobiochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Department of Perinatology, Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Łukasiewicza 1, 85-821 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2025 Apr 23;14(5):505. doi: 10.3390/antiox14050505.
More and more women are following a vegan and vegetarian diet. For some, the use of a vegan diet during lactation is controversial.
The aim of the study was to comparatively analyze the concentration of selected hormones, micro- and macronutrients, vitamins, and the basic composition and antioxidant status of the milk of vegan women, compared to the milk of omnivorous women.
The study included 17 breastfeeding vegan women and 27 omnivorous women. The basic composition of human milk was analyzed using the MIRIS HMATM analyzer (Uppsala, Sweden) The levels of hormones and vitamins were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent method. In order to determine the antioxidant activity and micro- and macroelements, spectrophotometric methods were used.
The vegan group was characterized by a lower average age, lower BMI, and lower WHR index compared to the control group. The milk of vegan women showed significantly higher cortisol concentrations and lower iron, vitamin B6, and antioxidant status than the milk of omnivorous women.
A vegan diet helps maintain a healthy body weight and is more popular among younger women, under 30 years of age. Higher levels of milk cortisol in vegan women may indicate a high level of anxiety and stress experienced by breastfeeding women, which may have negative consequences not only for breastfeeding mothers but also for the development of their children. Lack of appropriate supplementation in women who do not consume meat and animal products may cause a deficiency of micro- and macroelements in breast milk.
越来越多的女性采用纯素食和素食饮食。对一些人来说，哺乳期采用纯素食饮食存在争议。
本研究的目的是将纯素食女性的乳汁与杂食女性的乳汁进行比较分析，比较所选激素、微量和常量营养素、维生素的浓度以及乳汁的基本成分和抗氧化状态。
该研究纳入了17名母乳喂养的纯素食女性和27名杂食女性。使用MIRIS HMATM分析仪（瑞典乌普萨拉）分析人乳的基本成分。通过酶联免疫吸附法测定激素和维生素水平。为了测定抗氧化活性以及微量和宏量元素，采用了分光光度法。
与对照组相比，纯素食组的平均年龄较低、BMI较低且WHR指数较低。纯素食女性的乳汁中皮质醇浓度显著高于杂食女性，而铁、维生素B6和抗氧化状态则较低。
纯素食饮食有助于维持健康体重，在30岁以下的年轻女性中更受欢迎。纯素食女性乳汁中较高水平的皮质醇可能表明哺乳期女性经历了高度焦虑和压力，这不仅可能对母乳喂养的母亲产生负面影响，也可能对其子女的发育产生负面影响。不吃肉类和动物产品的女性缺乏适当的补充可能会导致母乳中微量和宏量元素的缺乏。
