Bilgili Hatice Kübra, Todoh Masahiro
Division of Human Mechanical Systems and Design, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan.
Division of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan.
Bioengineering (Basel). 2025 May 15;12(5):529. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering12050529.
Daily exposure to various forces creates defects in the musculoskeletal system, leading to health issues, especially for bones. Bone tissue scaffolds and ultrasound technology are both utilized in research and in clinics to enhance bone tissue regeneration. This study aimed to investigate the potential of commercially available fused deposition modeling (FDM) filaments for ultrasound technology using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, nanoindentation, three-point bending, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization methods. Customized FDM filaments were produced by combining polylactic acid (PLA) FDM filaments with medical-grade polycaprolactone (PCL). Using these, we observed the successful production of complex tissue scaffolds via PLAPCL4060 and PLAPCL5050 FDM filaments. Additionally, the presence of the contrast difference observed via SEM for PLAPCL4060 suggests phase segregation and a material that has both damping and activating characteristics under ultrasound propagation. Mechanical characterization provided hardness and elastic modulus values, while the three-point bending results proved the flexible nature of PLAPCL4060 and PLAPCL5050, which is important for their dynamicity and responsiveness under ultrasound propagation. Accelerated degradation experiments provided crucial information regarding the effect of the porosity and gradients of scaffolds under ultrasound stimulation. Future studies based on this approach will contribute to understanding the true potential of these filaments for bone tissue.
每日暴露于各种力会在肌肉骨骼系统中产生缺陷，引发健康问题，尤其是对骨骼而言。骨组织支架和超声技术在研究及临床中均有应用，以促进骨组织再生。本研究旨在使用X射线衍射（XRD）、拉曼光谱、纳米压痕、三点弯曲和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）表征方法，探究市售熔融沉积建模（FDM）细丝用于超声技术的潜力。通过将聚乳酸（PLA）FDM细丝与医用级聚己内酯（PCL）相结合，制备了定制的FDM细丝。利用这些细丝，我们观察到通过PLAPCL4060和PLAPCL5050 FDM细丝成功制造出了复杂的组织支架。此外，通过SEM观察到的PLAPCL4060的对比度差异表明存在相分离，且该材料在超声传播下具有阻尼和激活特性。力学表征提供了硬度和弹性模量值，而三点弯曲结果证明了PLAPCL4060和PLAPCL5050的柔韧性，这对于它们在超声传播下的动态性和响应性很重要。加速降解实验提供了关于超声刺激下支架孔隙率和梯度影响的关键信息。基于此方法的未来研究将有助于了解这些细丝在骨组织方面的真正潜力。
