Zheng Dongqing, Ma Rongrong, Guo Xianguang, Li Jun
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China.
Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China.
Genes (Basel). 2025 Apr 29;16(5):531. doi: 10.3390/genes16050531.
Comparative studies of selection pressures on mitochondrial genomes and protein-coding genes (PCGs) are scarce in the genus (Strauch, 1863), particularly within Sphaerodactylidae. Given their close evolutionary relationship, (Strauch, 1887) and (Bedriaga, 1906) serve as ideal models for the characterization of mitochondrial genome sand analysis of selective pressure in this genus. In this study, we employed Sanger sequencing to sequence the mitochondrial genome of (Bedriaga, 1906), and utilized sliding window analysis, selection pressure analysis etc. to compared it with that of its close relative, (Strauch, 1887). The results contain the genome composition, / values, AT/GC-skew, etc. Selection pressure analysis of PCGs across (Strauch, 1863) species (including those in GenBank) revealed that most genes evolve slowly, with the exception of and , which exhibited faster evolutionary rates. Notably, the of (Bedriaga, 1906) demonstrated rapid non-synonymous substitution rates which may contribute to the survival and reproductive success of the species by favoring advantageous mutations. Phylogenetic analysis for the mitochondrial genomes of Sphaerodactylidae, Phyllodactylidae, and Gekkonidae confirmed the distinctiveness of Sphaerodactylidae and the two (Strauch, 1863) species. This study has advanced the understanding of adaptive evolution in (Strauch, 1863) mitochondrial genomes, expanded the mitochondrial database of Sphaerodactylidae, and provided insights into the phylogenetic relationships of the genus.
关于（施特劳赫，1863年）属线粒体基因组和蛋白质编码基因（PCGs）选择压力的比较研究很少，特别是在球趾虎科内。鉴于它们密切的进化关系，（施特劳赫，1887年）和（贝德里亚加，1906年）是该属线粒体基因组特征化和选择压力分析的理想模型。在本研究中，我们采用桑格测序法对（贝德里亚加，1906年）的线粒体基因组进行测序，并利用滑动窗口分析、选择压力分析等方法将其与其近缘种（施特劳赫，1887年）进行比较。结果包括基因组组成、/值、AT/GC偏斜等。对（施特劳赫，1863年）物种（包括GenBank中的物种）的PCGs选择压力分析表明，大多数基因进化缓慢，除了和，它们表现出更快的进化速率。值得注意的是，（贝德里亚加，1906年）的显示出快速的非同义替换率，这可能通过有利于有利突变而有助于该物种的生存和繁殖成功。对球趾虎科、叶趾虎科和睑虎科线粒体基因组的系统发育分析证实了球趾虎科以及（施特劳赫，1863年）的两个物种的独特性。本研究推进了对（施特劳赫，1863年）线粒体基因组适应性进化的理解，扩展了球趾虎科的线粒体数据库，并为该属的系统发育关系提供了见解。
