Ge Xinyu, Wang Jingyuan, Deng Zhen, Chai Lu, Cao Wei, Liu Wenbin, Zhang Jiwei, Yan Chuncai
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China.
Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Insects. 2025 May 19;16(5):536. doi: 10.3390/insects16050536.
Lepidostomatidae is a relatively large family of the infraorder Plenitentoria (Integripalpia), comprising four fossil genera and seven extant genera. Lepidostomatid adults exhibit pronounced sexual dimorphism and have thus been referred to as the 'cabinet of curiosities' within Trichoptera. However, only five annotated mitogenomes of have been recorded in the GeneBank database, and some of these mitogenomes are incomplete. To better understand the structure of mitogenome and phylogenetic relationships of Lepidostomatidae, we present mitogenomes of 13 species and one species for the first time. We combined these new mitogenomes with previously published data for a comparative analysis. The results showed that the structure of mitogenome was relatively conserved, the nucleotide composition was significantly AT biased, and the control region showed the highest A + T content. Evolutionary rate analysis showed that all protein-coding genes underwent purification selection. The phylogenetic relationships supported the monophyly of Lepidostomatidae and restored the taxonomic positions of the two subfamilies. Meanwhile, two monophyletic branches ( branch and branch) within the genus were also strongly supported. These findings significantly advance our understanding of the mitogenome and phylogeny of Lepidostomatidae.
鳞石蛾科是襀翅目（毛翅目）中一个相对较大的科，包含四个化石属和七个现存属。鳞石蛾科成虫表现出明显的两性异形，因此在毛翅目中被称为“珍奇标本陈列室”。然而，基因库数据库中仅记录了五个有注释的线粒体基因组，其中一些线粒体基因组并不完整。为了更好地了解鳞石蛾科线粒体基因组的结构和系统发育关系，我们首次展示了13种和1种的线粒体基因组。我们将这些新的线粒体基因组与先前发表的数据相结合进行比较分析。结果表明，线粒体基因组的结构相对保守，核苷酸组成明显偏向于AT，控制区的A+T含量最高。进化速率分析表明，所有蛋白质编码基因都经历了纯化选择。系统发育关系支持鳞石蛾科的单系性，并恢复了两个亚科的分类地位。同时，属内的两个单系分支（分支和分支）也得到了有力支持。这些发现显著推进了我们对鳞石蛾科线粒体基因组和系统发育的理解。
