Riscart-López Javier, Jiménez-Herranz Elena, Mendoza-Puente Isabel, Rosety-Rodríguez Miguel Ángel, Bastos-García Jorge, Rodríguez-Huguet Manuel, Ramos-Álvarez Juan José
Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, 11519 Puerto Real, Spain.
School of Sport Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Life (Basel). 2025 Apr 22;15(5):679. doi: 10.3390/life15050679.
Great physical requirements are necessary to maintain the entire body in a streamlined and aerodynamic position during downhill skiing. Balance control has an important role in alpine skiing and depends on muscle endurance and strength. The central processing of proprioception and the force capacity of muscle are altered by fatigue. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of fatigue and visual input on balance control in alpine skiing.
Eleven male professional skiers participated in the study. Balance control with eyes open and eyes closed was assessed before and after performing a maximal effort specific alpine ski test.
the total travel distance (TTD) (mm), radial area (RA) (mm), ratio between TTD and RA (TTD/RA) (1/mm), mean center of pressure (COP) velocity (total length of the COP path per unit time) (mm/s), the mean mediolateral (ML) COP oscillation velocity (Lat_Vel) (mm/s), the mean anteroposterior (AP) COP oscillation velocity (AP_Vel) (mm/s), mean ML (MLD) (mm) and mean AP (APD) (mm) displacements of the COP and the distance from the ordinate origin (mean X and mean Y) (theoretical point where the COP should be) to the point at which the COP is located, and heart rate were measured.
The results showed differences in the variables related to postural control and balance before and after the stress test ( = 0.002-0.037). However, no differences were found when the results obtained with open and closed eyes were compared.
The results showed that performance in alpine skiing could be negatively affected by fatigue. However, the dynamic parameters are not decreased by visual input during muscle fatigue.
在高山滑雪过程中，需要具备强大的身体机能才能使整个身体保持流线型和空气动力学姿势。平衡控制在高山滑雪中起着重要作用，它取决于肌肉耐力和力量。本体感觉的中枢处理以及肌肉的力量能力会因疲劳而改变。本研究的目的是评估疲劳和视觉输入对高山滑雪平衡控制的影响。
11名男性职业滑雪者参与了该研究。在进行一次竭尽全力的特定高山滑雪测试前后，分别评估睁眼和闭眼时的平衡控制情况。
测量了总行进距离（TTD）（毫米）、径向面积（RA）（毫米）、TTD与RA的比值（TTD/RA）（1/毫米）、平均压力中心（COP）速度（单位时间内COP路径的总长度）（毫米/秒）、平均内外侧（ML）COP振荡速度（Lat_Vel）（毫米/秒）、平均前后（AP）COP振荡速度（AP_Vel）（毫米/秒）、COP的平均ML（MLD）（毫米）和平均AP（APD）（毫米）位移，以及从纵坐标原点（COP理论上应在的点）到COP所在点的距离（平均X和平均Y），并测量了心率。
结果显示，应激测试前后与姿势控制和平衡相关的变量存在差异（P = 0.002 - 0.037）。然而，比较睁眼和闭眼时获得的结果时未发现差异。
结果表明，高山滑雪的表现可能会受到疲劳的负面影响。然而，在肌肉疲劳期间，视觉输入不会降低动态参数。
