Klous Miriam, Müller Erich, Schwameder Hermann
Department of Health and Human Performance, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC 29424, USA ; Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, Christian Doppler Laboratory "Biomechanics in Skiing", University of Salzburg, 5400 Hallein, Salzburg, Austria.
Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, Christian Doppler Laboratory "Biomechanics in Skiing", University of Salzburg, 5400 Hallein, Salzburg, Austria.
Comput Math Methods Med. 2014;2014:340272. doi: 10.1155/2014/340272. Epub 2014 Sep 15.
A large number of injuries to the lower extremity occur in skiing and snowboarding. Due to the difficulty of collecting 3D kinematic and kinetic data with high accuracy, a possible relationship between injury statistic and joint loading has not been studied. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to compare ankle and knee joint loading at the steering leg between carved ski and snowboard turns. Kinetic data were collected using mobile force plates mounted under the toe and heel part of the binding on skies or snowboard (KISTLER). Kinematic data were collected with five synchronized, panning, tilting, and zooming cameras. An extended version of the Yeadon model was applied to calculate inertial properties of the segments. Ankle and knee joint forces and moments were calculated using inverse dynamic analysis. Results showed higher forces along the longitudinal axis in skiing and similar forces for skiing and snowboarding in anterior-posterior and mediolateral direction. Joint moments were consistently greater during a snowboard turn, but more fluctuations were observed in skiing. Hence, when comparing joint loading between carved ski and snowboard turns, one should differentiate between forces and moments, including the direction of forces and moments and the turn phase.
大量下肢损伤发生在滑雪和单板滑雪运动中。由于高精度收集三维运动学和动力学数据存在困难，损伤统计数据与关节负荷之间的可能关系尚未得到研究。因此，本研究的目的是比较刻滑转弯时转向腿的踝关节和膝关节负荷在滑雪和单板滑雪之间的差异。使用安装在滑雪板或单板固定器的脚尖和脚跟下方的移动测力板（奇石乐公司）收集动力学数据。使用五台同步的平移、倾斜和变焦摄像机收集运动学数据。应用Yeadon模型的扩展版本来计算各节段的惯性特性。使用逆动力学分析计算踝关节和膝关节的力和力矩。结果显示，滑雪时沿纵轴的力更高，滑雪和单板滑雪在前后方向和内外侧方向的力相似。单板转弯时关节力矩始终更大，但滑雪时观察到更多波动。因此，在比较刻滑转弯时滑雪和单板滑雪的关节负荷时，应区分力和力矩，包括力和力矩的方向以及转弯阶段。
