Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) and Vitamin Metabolism: A Nutritional Perspective on an Emerging Environmental Health Issue.

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of synthetic chemicals characterized by exceptional stability and potential for bioaccumulation. Ubiquitous in the environment, PFAS can enter the human body through water, air, and dietary sources. Exposure to PFAS has been linked to various adverse health effects, including cancer, endocrine disruption, and reproductive and developmental toxicities. Emerging evidence suggests potential interactions between PFAS exposure and vitamin levels in the human body. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the associations between PFAS and various vitamins, elucidates potential underlying mechanisms, and offers insights for the development of targeted nutritional interventions.