Qi Qiqi, Wen Manying, Huang Yicheng, Liu Yueming, Yao Shenghua
Medical Affairs Department, Yuyao People's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Dalang hospital of Dongguan, Guangdong, PR China.
Oxf Med Case Reports. 2025 May 28;2025(5):omaf026. doi: 10.1093/omcr/omaf026. eCollection 2025 May.
Primary renal lymphoma is a rare renal malignancy, and its occurrence in patients undergoing maintenance haemodialysis is even more uncommon. Herein, we report the case of a 57-year-old woman undergoing maintenance haemodialysis, presenting with gross haematuria. After performing enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography-computed tomography, and a kidney biopsy, a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was detected. She was subsequently treated with five cycles of a modified R-CHOP regimen consisting of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone, and achieved partial remission, as evidenced by an abdominal computed tomography scan. At the 15-month follow-up, no further enlargement or metastasis of the residual tumour was evident. We emphasize that the clinical manifestations of primary renal lymphoma (PRL) resemble those of renal cell carcinoma, necessitating an imaging and biopsy-based differential diagnosis to avoid misdiagnosis. Although PRL has a highly aggressive phenotype and is associated with high mortality, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can improve patient outcomes.
原发性肾淋巴瘤是一种罕见的肾脏恶性肿瘤，其在维持性血液透析患者中的发生更为罕见。在此，我们报告一例57岁接受维持性血液透析的女性患者，出现肉眼血尿。在进行增强磁共振成像、正电子发射断层扫描-计算机断层扫描以及肾脏活检后，检测到弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤。随后她接受了由利妥昔单抗、环磷酰胺、阿霉素、长春新碱和泼尼松组成的改良R-CHOP方案的五个周期治疗，并实现了部分缓解，腹部计算机断层扫描显示了这一点。在15个月的随访中，残余肿瘤没有进一步增大或转移。我们强调原发性肾淋巴瘤（PRL）的临床表现与肾细胞癌相似，需要基于影像学和活检进行鉴别诊断以避免误诊。尽管PRL具有高度侵袭性的表型且与高死亡率相关，但早期诊断和适当治疗可以改善患者的预后。
