Rakhmankulova Zorina, Asgarov Rustam, Monahhova Eliana, Mening Semyon, Blank Isak B, Klucharev Vasily
International Laboratory of Social Neurobiology, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia.
Food and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Engineering, Baku Engineering University, Baku, Azerbaijan.
Behav Res Methods. 2025 May 30;57(7):184. doi: 10.3758/s13428-025-02709-z.
Moral judgments and behavior are shaped by individual experiences and cultural environments. In two online studies, we used a standard set of moral vignettes to examine the generalizability of factor structure of moral judgments originally identified in American samples (Knutson et al. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 5, 378-384, 2010; Kruepke et al. Behavior Research Methods, 50, 922-936, 2018) by testing two independent samples of the Russian population (Study 1, N = 247; Study 2, N = 223). In Study 1, the exploratory factor analysis revealed three components that accounted for most of the variance: norm violation, social affect, and intention. In Study 2, the factor structure of the identified moral components was validated by confirmatory factor analysis. Latent profile analysis revealed five distinct profiles of moral scenarios: Peccadillo, Illegal-Antisocial, Controversial Act, Prosocial, and a novel profile specific to our Russian samples - Social Conflict - as compared to the previous study of the American population. These findings suggest fundamental similarities in moral judgment processes across cultures while also highlighting culture-specific patterns in moral scenario categorization. This study also provides researchers with a battery of real-life experience-derived vignettes that can be used in cross-cultural studies of moral judgment.
道德判断和行为受到个人经历和文化环境的影响。在两项在线研究中，我们使用了一组标准的道德小故事，通过对俄罗斯人群的两个独立样本（研究1，N = 247；研究2，N = 223）进行测试，来检验最初在美国样本中确定的道德判断因素结构的普遍性（克努森等人，《社会认知与情感神经科学》，第5卷，第378 - 384页，2010年；克鲁普克等人，《行为研究方法》，第50卷，第922 - 936页，2018年）。在研究1中，探索性因素分析揭示了三个解释大部分方差的成分：规范违反、社会情感和意图。在研究2中，通过验证性因素分析验证了所确定的道德成分的因素结构。潜在剖面分析揭示了道德情景的五种不同剖面：小过失、非法反社会行为（Illegal-Antisocial）、有争议行为、亲社会行为，以及与之前对美国人群的研究相比，我们俄罗斯样本特有的一种新剖面——社会冲突。这些发现表明不同文化间道德判断过程存在基本相似性，同时也突出了道德情景分类中特定于文化的模式。本研究还为研究人员提供了一系列源自现实生活经历的小故事，可用于道德判断的跨文化研究。
