Turaga Uday, Peper Steven T, Garcia Carlos J, Presley Steven M
The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States.
Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India.
PeerJ. 2025 May 27;13:e19523. doi: 10.7717/peerj.19523. eCollection 2025.
Of all mosquito life stages, the egg continues to be the least understood and most vulnerable relative to exposure to external environmental stressors. The propensity of mosquitoes to lay eggs in or near aquatic environments exposes them to a variety of xenobiotic compounds. Owing to their increased use, two xenobiotics, antibiotics and insecticides are increasingly being detected in aquatic ecosystems. Both antibiotics and insecticides are known for their ovicidal effects. Prior to the formation of the serosal cuticle, mosquito eggs are potentially exposed to antibiotics and insecticides due to the permeability of the egg membrane. This short review attempts to summarize the current understanding and to identify the data gaps pertaining to the exposure of mosquito eggs to xenobiotics. The role of male mosquitoes in the propagation of xenobiotic resistance, something that's been sparsely studied, is also discussed. Additionally, we address the implications of these data gaps relative to the overall objectives of vector control and public health.
在蚊子的所有生命阶段中，相对于暴露于外部环境压力源而言，卵仍然是了解最少且最脆弱的阶段。蚊子倾向于在水生环境中或附近产卵，这使它们接触到各种外源性化合物。由于抗生素和杀虫剂这两种外源性化合物的使用增加，它们在水生生态系统中越来越多地被检测到。抗生素和杀虫剂都以其杀卵作用而闻名。在浆膜角质层形成之前，由于卵膜的渗透性，蚊子卵可能会接触到抗生素和杀虫剂。这篇简短的综述试图总结当前的认识，并确定与蚊子卵接触外源性化合物相关的数据空白。还讨论了雄蚊在抗外源性化合物传播中的作用，这方面的研究一直很少。此外，我们阐述了这些数据空白相对于病媒控制和公共卫生总体目标的影响。
