Liu Qiankun, Zhou Zhongtao, Wang Jing, Zhang Jiaoping, Pang JiaXue, Ma Li, Xu Yang, Li Pengyao, Xie Hui
Bengbu First People's Hospital, Bengbu, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
College of Nursing, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jun 3;15(1):19442. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-04424-3.
This study aims to explore the association between hearing impairment, visual impairment, dual sensory impairment, and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and elderly populations in China, with an analysis of gender differences. This research is based on data from the nationally representative sample survey CHARLS, conducted from 2013 to 2020. A total of 9,780 participants were included in the study. These participants were divided into four groups based on their hearing and vision status: no impairment, hearing impairment only, visual impairment only, and dual sensory impairment. A longitudinal analysis was conducted using Cox regression models to assess the hazard ratios (HR) for the occurrence of depressive symptoms associated with hearing, visual, and dual sensory impairments. The Cox regression model indicated that, in the unadjusted model, hearing impairment, visual impairment, and dual sensory impairment were all risk factors for depression (P < 0.05). After adjusting for multiple confounding factors, compared to the no impairment group, the risk of depressive symptoms was 1.017 times higher (95% CI 0.886-1.167) in the hearing impairment group, with a gender-specific risk of 1.072 times (95% CI 0.880-1.305) for males and 0.962 times (95% CI 0.793-1.168) for females. The visual impairment group had a 1.118 times higher risk (95% CI 1.017-1.231), with a risk of 1.092 times (95% CI 0.946-1.262) for males and 1.155 times (95% CI 1.017-1.311) for females. The dual sensory impairment group had a 1.274 times higher risk (95% CI 1.165-1.393), with a gender-specific risk of 1.291 times (95% CI 1.131-1.473) for males and 1.267 times (95% CI 1.123-1.429) for females. Visual impairment and dual sensory impairment are independent risk factors for the occurrence of depressive symptoms, with notable gender differences. Understanding these associations and gender differences can help in developing more effective interventions to improve the mental health of middle-aged and elderly populations.
本研究旨在探讨中国中老年人群中听力障碍、视力障碍、双重感官障碍与抑郁症状之间的关联，并分析性别差异。本研究基于2013年至2020年全国代表性样本调查中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）的数据。共有9780名参与者纳入本研究。这些参与者根据其听力和视力状况分为四组：无损伤、仅听力障碍、仅视力障碍和双重感官障碍。使用Cox回归模型进行纵向分析，以评估与听力、视力和双重感官障碍相关的抑郁症状发生的风险比（HR）。Cox回归模型表明，在未调整模型中，听力障碍、视力障碍和双重感官障碍均为抑郁的危险因素（P < 0.05）。在调整多个混杂因素后，与无损伤组相比，听力障碍组出现抑郁症状的风险高1.017倍（95%CI 0.886 - 1.167），男性的性别特异性风险为1.072倍（95%CI 0.880 - 1.305），女性为0.962倍（95%CI 0.793 - 1.168）。视力障碍组的风险高1.118倍（95%CI 1.017 - 1.231），男性风险为1.092倍（95%CI 0.946 - 1.262），女性为1.155倍（95%CI 1.017 - 1.311）。双重感官障碍组的风险高1.274倍（95%CI 1.165 - 1.393），男性的性别特异性风险为1.291倍（95%CI 1.131 - 1.473），女性为1.267倍（95%CI 1.123 - 1.429）。视力障碍和双重感官障碍是抑郁症状发生的独立危险因素，存在显著的性别差异。了解这些关联和性别差异有助于制定更有效的干预措施，以改善中老年人群的心理健康。
