Strong Kayla, Emdin Fiona, Orubu Sam, Rogers Van Katwyk Susan, Ganshorn Heather, Grimshaw Jeremy, Poirier Mathieu J P
Global Strategy Lab, York University, North York, ON, Canada.
Libraries and Cultural Resources, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Syst Rev. 2025 Jun 3;14(1):122. doi: 10.1186/s13643-025-02829-9.
Globally, agricultural production systems consume two-thirds of all antimicrobials. These systems are used to raise animals that produce products for consumption, such as meat, eggs, milk, and wool. The World Bank estimates that by 2030, AMR will reduce global livestock production by up to 7.5%, resulting in economic losses of up to one trillion USD. Governments worldwide have implemented various policies to promote antimicrobial stewardship in production animals, such as requiring veterinary prescriptions for antimicrobial use, restricting certain antimicrobials, and prohibiting antimicrobial use for growth promotion. However, the efficacy of these measures remains uncertain, necessitating a comprehensive review to guide policymakers. This review will identify and describe implemented government policy interventions to reduce veterinary AMU and AMR in production animals. A secondary analysis will map the policy pathways and the stakeholders involved in their successful implementation.
An electronic search strategy has been developed in consultation with a public health librarian and a veterinary health librarian. CAB Abstracts, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and ProQuest Dissertations will be searched, and additional studies will be identified using gray literature searches. The intervention of interest is any policy intervention enacted by a government or government agency in any country to change antimicrobial use in production animals. For inclusion within the review, studies must (1) describe the government policy, (2) quantitatively measure the impact of the policy in production animals using a rigorous study design, and (3) measure the impact of the intervention through antimicrobial use (AMU) or AMR. Two independent reviewers will screen for eligibility using defined criteria, and data will be extracted using Covidence software and Excel, respectively. Results will be synthesized narratively and visually (using maps and Sankey plots) to identify evidence gaps.
This systematic review is intended to inform future government policies addressing antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial use in production animal systems. It will also inform future research priorities by identifying evidence gaps about the effectiveness of various policy interventions.
Open Science framework.
在全球范围内，农业生产系统消耗了所有抗菌药物的三分之二。这些系统用于饲养生产供消费产品的动物，如肉类、蛋类、牛奶和羊毛。世界银行估计，到2030年，抗菌药物耐药性将使全球畜牧业产量减少高达7.5%，造成高达一万亿美元的经济损失。世界各国政府已实施各种政策，以促进生产动物抗菌药物的合理使用，如要求开具兽医处方才能使用抗菌药物、限制某些抗菌药物以及禁止将抗菌药物用于促进生长。然而，这些措施的效果仍不确定，因此有必要进行全面审查以指导政策制定者。本综述将确定并描述为减少生产动物中兽医抗菌药物使用和抗菌药物耐药性而实施的政府政策干预措施。二次分析将绘制政策路径以及成功实施这些政策所涉及的利益相关者。
已与公共卫生图书管理员和兽医卫生图书管理员协商制定了电子检索策略。将检索CAB文摘数据库、MEDLINE、科学引文索引和ProQuest学位论文数据库，并通过灰色文献检索确定其他研究。感兴趣的干预措施是任何国家的政府或政府机构颁布的旨在改变生产动物抗菌药物使用情况的政策干预措施。要纳入本综述，研究必须（1）描述政府政策，（2）使用严谨的研究设计定量衡量该政策对生产动物的影响，以及（3）通过抗菌药物使用（AMU）或抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）来衡量干预措施的影响。两名独立的评审人员将使用既定标准筛选是否符合条件，数据将分别使用Covidence软件和Excel提取。结果将以叙述和可视化（使用地图和桑基图）的方式进行综合，以确定证据空白。
本系统综述旨在为未来政府应对生产动物系统中抗菌药物耐药性和抗菌药物使用的政策提供参考。它还将通过确定关于各种政策干预措施有效性的证据空白，为未来的研究重点提供参考。
开放科学框架。
