中国精神科护士睡眠与职业倦怠的相关性调查
The association between sleep and burnout in psychiatric nurses: a survey from China.
作者信息
Ren Wei, Li Weiqin, Ji Caifang, Kong Fanzhen, Chao Lihong, Yang Qun, Zhang Wenyue, Du Xiangdong
机构信息
Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Soochow University Affiliated Guangji Hospital, No.11 Guangqian Road, Xiangcheng District, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 215100, China.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2025 Jun 4;24(1):639. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03238-y.
BACKGROUND
Psychiatric nurses are at high risk of burnout due to their demanding job responsibilities. Sleep quality has been widely studied as a potential factor contributing to burnout, but the relationship between sleep and burnout among psychiatric nurses in China remains unclear. This study investigated the association between sleep quality and burnout in Chinese psychiatric nurses, identifying potential risk factors for burnout.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study design was utilized, collecting data from 1044 psychiatric nurses across multiple hospitals in China. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and burnout was measured through the Maslach Burnout Inventory- General Survey (MBI-GS). Logistic regression analyses assessed the association between sleep quality and burnout, controlling for demographic variables.
RESULTS
This study showed that 20.39% of psychiatric nurses had job burnout. In the emotional exhaustion model, age ≥ 36 years, high nursing title, sleep disorders (e.g., poor quality, frequent disturbances, daytime dysfunction), and hypnotic drug use were positively correlated with emotional exhaustion, while night shifts in the past month were negatively correlated. These factors explained 26.5% of the variation (P < 0.05). In the cynicism model, male gender, age ≥ 36 years, family history of mental illness, sleep disorders, and hypnotic drug use were positively correlated, whereas night shifts were negatively correlated, accounting for 19.9% of the variation (P < 0.05). In the reduced personal achievement model, female gender, overweight/obesity, high nursing education/title, and night shifts showed positive correlations, while family history of mental illness, sleep efficiency, and hypnotic drug use exhibited negative correlations, explaining 3.1% of the variance (P < 0.05). Notably, both night shift frequency and hypnotic drug use were significantly associated with all three burnout dimensions (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION
This study highlights the strong link between sleep disturbances and burnout in psychiatric nursing. Implementing personalized strategies to improve sleep hygiene could serve as an effective means to mitigate burnout and support the mental health of psychiatric nurses.
CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER
Not applicable.
背景
精神科护士因其繁重的工作职责而面临较高的职业倦怠风险。睡眠质量作为导致职业倦怠的一个潜在因素已得到广泛研究，但在中国精神科护士中，睡眠与职业倦怠之间的关系仍不明确。本研究调查了中国精神科护士睡眠质量与职业倦怠之间的关联，确定了职业倦怠的潜在风险因素。
方法
采用横断面研究设计，收集了来自中国多家医院的1044名精神科护士的数据。使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）评估睡眠质量，通过马氏职业倦怠量表通用版（MBI-GS）测量职业倦怠。逻辑回归分析评估了睡眠质量与职业倦怠之间的关联，并对人口统计学变量进行了控制。
结果
本研究表明，20.39%的精神科护士存在职业倦怠。在情感耗竭模型中，年龄≥36岁、高护理职称、睡眠障碍（如质量差、频繁干扰、日间功能障碍）和使用催眠药物与情感耗竭呈正相关，而过去一个月的夜班与情感耗竭呈负相关。这些因素解释了26.5%的变异（P<0.05）。在玩世不恭模型中，男性、年龄≥36岁、精神疾病家族史、睡眠障碍和使用催眠药物呈正相关，而夜班呈负相关，占变异的19.9%（P<0.05）。在个人成就感降低模型中，女性、超重/肥胖、高护理学历/职称和夜班呈正相关，而精神疾病家族史、睡眠效率和使用催眠药物呈负相关，解释了3.1%的方差（P<0.05）。值得注意的是，夜班频率和使用催眠药物均与所有三个职业倦怠维度显著相关（P<0.01）。
结论
本研究突出了精神科护理中睡眠障碍与职业倦怠之间的紧密联系。实施个性化策略以改善睡眠卫生可作为减轻职业倦怠和支持精神科护士心理健康的有效手段。
临床试验编号
不适用。
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