Stanković Sanja, Nikolić Valentina V, Krstić Nikola
Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Serbia.
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology with Toxicology, University of Niš, Serbia.
Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes. 2025 Jun 3;18:11795514251344029. doi: 10.1177/11795514251344029. eCollection 2025.
Studies suggested irisin's involvement in insulin sensitivity, conversion of white adipose tissue into brown which is more metabolically active. Studies have been shown negative correlation of irisin levels with presence of diabetes mellitus (DM). Association of irisin levels with body mass index (BMI) and lipid profile could be useful in monitoring metabolic disorders and potential complications in DM.
This cross-sectional study enrolled patients which were divided in 3 groups based on diabetes status and BMI: participants without DM, patients with DM, and a normal BMI (<25 kg/m²) and patients with DM and an increased BMI (⩾25 kg/m²). Irisin levels were measured from blood samples and correlation was made with parameters of lipid profile. We wanted to find differences in irisin concentration in comparing groups and to examine the correlation of irisin and metabolic parameters. The relationships between irisin levels and metabolic parameters, including lipid profile and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, were assessed using Pearson's, and Spearman's correlation analysis, depending on data distribution.
Irisin levels were significantly lower in patients with DM compared to non-diabetic individuals, regardless to BMI (patients without diabetes: median 25.47 ng/ml, IQR (22.27-27.54), with diabetes and BMI < 25 kg/m²: 22.16 ng/ml, IQR (19.29-23.76) and patients with diabetes and BMI ⩾ 25 kg/m²: mean ± SD (21.77 ± 5.72) ng/ml, = .004). Additionally, we report a 1.15-fold decrease in irisin levels in group with diabetes, and BMI < 25 kg/m² compared to non-diabetic individuals and a 1.18-fold decrease in group with diabetes and BMI ⩾ 25 kg/m² compared to non-diabetic individuals. Additionally, lower irisin levels were correlated with higher triglycerides ( = -.343, = .024), lower HDL cholesterol ( = .363, = .017), and higher TyG index ( = -.315, = .04), indicating a potential link between irisin and metabolic dysregulation. No significant association was observed between irisin levels and BMI.
Our findings suggest that irisin may serve as a biomarker for monitoring metabolic dysregulation in diabetes, particularly in relation to lipid metabolism and insulin resistance. Further research is needed to clarify its role in metabolic disease progression and potential therapeutic implications.
研究表明鸢尾素参与胰岛素敏感性调节，促使白色脂肪组织转变为代谢活性更强的棕色脂肪组织。已有研究显示鸢尾素水平与糖尿病（DM）的发生呈负相关。鸢尾素水平与体重指数（BMI）及血脂谱的关联，可能有助于监测DM患者的代谢紊乱及潜在并发症。
本横断面研究纳入患者，根据糖尿病状态和BMI分为3组：无DM的参与者、DM患者、BMI正常（<25 kg/m²）的DM患者以及BMI升高（⩾25 kg/m²）的DM患者。从血样中检测鸢尾素水平，并与血脂谱参数进行相关性分析。我们旨在比较各组鸢尾素浓度的差异，并研究鸢尾素与代谢参数的相关性。根据数据分布情况，使用Pearson相关分析和Spearman相关分析评估鸢尾素水平与代谢参数（包括血脂谱和甘油三酯-葡萄糖（TyG）指数）之间的关系。
无论BMI如何，DM患者的鸢尾素水平均显著低于非糖尿病个体（无糖尿病患者：中位数25.47 ng/ml，四分位数间距（IQR）为（22.27 - 27.54）；BMI<25 kg/m²的DM患者：22.16 ng/ml，IQR为（19.29 - 23.76）；BMI⩾25 kg/m²的DM患者：均值±标准差（21.77 ± 5.72）ng/ml，P = 0.004）。此外，我们报告BMI<25 kg/m²的DM组鸢尾素水平相较于非糖尿病个体降低了1.15倍，BMI⩾25 kg/m²的DM组相较于非糖尿病个体降低了1.18倍。此外，较低的鸢尾素水平与较高的甘油三酯（r = -0.343，P = 0.024）、较低的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（r = 0.363，P = 0.017）以及较高的TyG指数（r = -0.315，P = 0.04）相关，表明鸢尾素与代谢失调之间可能存在联系。未观察到鸢尾素水平与BMI之间存在显著关联。
我们的研究结果表明，鸢尾素可能作为监测糖尿病患者代谢失调的生物标志物，尤其是在脂质代谢和胰岛素抵抗方面。需要进一步研究以阐明其在代谢疾病进展中的作用及潜在的治疗意义。
