Kang Jihe, Liu Mei, Yang Qiang, Dang Xiangji, Li Qun, Wang Ting, Qiu Bin, Zhang Yibao, Guo Xudong, Li Xiaoling, Liu Yan
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2025 May 21;17:1558078. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2025.1558078. eCollection 2025.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive dysfunction that affects millions of people worldwide, placing a massive burden on families and economies. Exercise training can effectively reduce the prevalence of AD and alleviate its symptoms through the modulation of multiple signaling pathways involved in the pathophysiological process of AD, including the PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin, AMPK-related, MAPK, NF-κB, PINK1-PARKIN, JAK/STAT, and TREM2 signaling pathways. Different signaling pathways also crosstalk with each other through different targets to inhibit the formation of Amyloid β (Aβ) plaques, reduce the level of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, reduce apoptosis, relieve neuroinflammation, reduce autophagy dysfunction, and ultimately improve cognitive impairment in AD patients. This review summarizes the pathophysiological processes of AD affected by exercise training through different signaling pathways. We further provide a reference for the future development of new effective AD prevention and treatment targets to develop promising personalized, combined intervention strategies.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种神经退行性疾病，其特征是进行性记忆丧失和认知功能障碍，影响着全球数百万人，给家庭和经济带来了巨大负担。运动训练可以通过调节AD病理生理过程中涉及的多种信号通路，包括PI3K/Akt、Wnt/β-连环蛋白、AMPK相关、MAPK、NF-κB、PINK1-PARKIN、JAK/STAT和TREM2信号通路，有效降低AD的患病率并减轻其症状。不同的信号通路也通过不同的靶点相互作用，以抑制淀粉样β（Aβ）斑块的形成，降低过度磷酸化tau蛋白的水平，减少细胞凋亡，减轻神经炎症，减少自噬功能障碍，并最终改善AD患者的认知障碍。本综述总结了运动训练通过不同信号通路对AD病理生理过程的影响。我们进一步为未来开发新的有效AD预防和治疗靶点提供参考，以制定有前景的个性化联合干预策略。
