Zhan Qirui, Lyu Hui, He Zhen, Zhang Xueyan, Wang Chenchen, Gao Yuanqi, Guo Qingyuan, Zhang Nan, Liu Cong, Shi Yu, Lei Yu, Xu Bingjie, Mi Yanni, Gao Tianxi, Zhu Kang, Ren Xiaoyong, Ouyang Yuhui, Chen Jingguo
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
J Asthma Allergy. 2025 May 30;18:847-859. doi: 10.2147/JAA.S525694. eCollection 2025.
Airborne pollen is a major contributor to allergic diseases. This study investigates the correlation between airborne pollen dynamics and allergic rhinitis (AR) incidence in Xi'an (2020-2023) and compared with 1984 data for informing evidence-based prevention strategies.
The species and concentration of daily pollen in Xi'an were monitored for 4 consecutive years (2020-2023). Daily pollen concentrations were analyzed alongside clinical AR records from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University and public health awareness metrics (Baidu search indices for "allergic rhinitis", "pollen allergy", and "loratadine").
The pollen season in Xi'an occurred from March to May and from August to October, with higher concentrations in spring. Compared to the 1984 data, pollen counts increased significantly (+121.9%, P>0.05). Correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between pollen concentration and the number of AR patients during the autumn pollen season from 2020 to 2022 (r=0.3070.636, <0.05). "Pollen allergy" search index correlated positively lwith pollen concentration over the four-year autumn period (r=0.5120.750, <0.001), while trends for "allergic rhinitis" and "loratadine" search indices were less consistent, showing positive correlation only in the autumn pollen season. The public perception of sensitized pollen species in Xi'an did not match the actual AR-related pollen species.
Pollen counts increased significantly in Xi'an, whereas pollen species diversity decreased in the last 40 years. Our results showed the 40-year characteristics comparison of pollen concentration in Xi'an can serve as a basis for developing effective preventive and management measures for patients with pollen-related allergies, including environmental control, timely pollen monitoring, desensitization therapy, and patient health education, to guide the scientific control and prevention of pollen-induced allergic diseases. This study underscores the need for integrated environmental and public health strategies to mitigate pollen-induced AR in rapidly urbanizing regions.
空气传播花粉是过敏性疾病的主要诱因。本研究调查了西安地区（2020 - 2023年）空气传播花粉动态与过敏性鼻炎（AR）发病率之间的相关性，并与1984年的数据进行比较，为循证预防策略提供依据。
连续4年（2020 - 2023年）监测西安地区每日花粉的种类和浓度。将每日花粉浓度与西安交通大学第二附属医院的临床AR记录以及公众健康意识指标（百度搜索指数“过敏性鼻炎”、“花粉过敏”和“氯雷他定”）进行分析。
西安地区花粉季出现在3月至5月以及8月至10月，春季浓度更高。与1984年数据相比，花粉计数显著增加（+121.9%，P>0.05）。相关性分析显示，2020年至2022年秋季花粉季期间，花粉浓度与AR患者数量呈正相关（r = 0.3070.636，<0.05）。四年秋季期间，“花粉过敏”搜索指数与花粉浓度呈正相关（r = 0.5120.750，<0.001），而“过敏性鼻炎”和“氯雷他定”搜索指数的趋势不太一致，仅在秋季花粉季呈正相关。西安地区公众对致敏花粉种类的认知与实际与AR相关的花粉种类不匹配。
西安地区花粉计数显著增加，而过去40年花粉种类多样性下降。我们的结果表明，西安地区花粉浓度40年特征比较可为制定针对花粉相关过敏患者的有效预防和管理措施提供依据，包括环境控制、及时花粉监测、脱敏治疗和患者健康教育，以指导科学控制和预防花粉诱发的过敏性疾病。本研究强调了在快速城市化地区需要综合环境和公共卫生策略来减轻花粉诱发的AR。
