Department of Pediatrics, Busan St. Mary's Hospital, Busan, South Korea.
Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Fukuoka National Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
PeerJ. 2022 Nov 1;10:e14243. doi: 10.7717/peerj.14243. eCollection 2022.
Causes of pediatric pollen food allergy syndrome (PFAS) differ depending on airborne pollen levels in a particular region. We aimed to analyze airborne pollen counts, IgE sensitization rates, and PFAS incidence among children with allergies in South Korea and Japan.
This cross-sectional study included children aged 5-17 years with allergies in 2017. Airborne pollen samples were collected from Busan in South Korea, and Fukuoka and Tochigi in Japan. Questionnaires were used to assess bronchial asthma, seasonal allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, food allergy, and PFAS. The serum IgE specific to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, pollen, tomato, and peach were investigated.
In total, 57, 56, and 20 patients from Busan, Fukuoka, and Tochigi, respectively, were enrolled. Airborne Japanese cedar and cypress pollen were predominant in Fukuoka and Tochigi, whereas pine and alder pollen were predominant in Busan. Children with allergies in Fukuoka and Tochigi had a significantly higher sensitization rate to Japanese cedar, cypress, juniper, orchard grass, ragweed, Japanese hop, and tomato compared with children in Busan. In Fukuoka and Tochigi, where Japanese cedar and cypress pollen were frequently scattered, high sensitizations among allergic children were observed. The sensitization rate was not affected by the pollen count in alder, grass, ragweed, and Japanese hop. In multivariable analysis, only alder sensitization was found to be associated with PFAS (odds ratio: 6.62, 95% confidence interval: 1.63-26.87, = 0.008). In patients with PFAS in Busan and Tochigi, peach associated with birch allergen Bet v 1 was a causative food item for PFAS. Moreover, PFAS was associated with ragweed and Japanese hop pollen sensitization in Fukuoka.
Regardless of pollen counts, alder pollen sensitization was associated with PFAS in children. Ragweed and Japanese hop pollen sensitization were associated with PFAS, particularly among children in southern Japan.
儿科花粉食物过敏综合征（PFAS）的病因因特定地区的空气传播花粉水平而异。我们旨在分析韩国和日本过敏儿童的空气传播花粉计数、IgE 致敏率和 PFAS 发生率。
本横断面研究纳入了 2017 年患有过敏症的 5-17 岁儿童。从韩国釜山、日本福冈和栃木采集空气传播花粉样本。使用问卷评估支气管哮喘、季节性过敏性鼻炎、特应性皮炎、食物过敏和 PFAS。检测了对屋尘螨、花粉、番茄和桃的血清 IgE 特异性。
共有 57、56 和 20 名来自釜山、福冈和栃木的患者入组。福冈和栃木主要有日本雪松和柏树花粉，而釜山主要有松树和桤木花粉。福冈和栃木过敏儿童对日本雪松、柏树、桧木、果园草、豚草、日本大麻和番茄的致敏率明显高于釜山儿童。在经常散布日本雪松和柏树花粉的福冈和栃木，过敏儿童的高致敏率也很明显。花粉计数对桤木、草、豚草和日本大麻的致敏率没有影响。多变量分析显示，只有桤木致敏与 PFAS 相关（比值比：6.62，95%置信区间：1.63-26.87，=0.008）。在釜山和栃木的 PFAS 患者中，与桦树过敏原 Bet v 1 相关的桃是 PFAS 的致病食物。此外，福冈的豚草和日本大麻花粉致敏与 PFAS 相关。
无论花粉计数如何，桤木花粉致敏与儿童的 PFAS 相关。豚草和日本大麻花粉致敏与 PFAS 相关，尤其是在日本南部的儿童中。
