Yook Hwa Jung, Kim Esther, Kim Yeong Ho, Lee Gyu-Na, Han Kyungdo, Lee Ji Hyun
Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Biomedicine & Health Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
PLoS One. 2025 Jun 5;20(6):e0325357. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0325357. eCollection 2025.
INTRODUCTION: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition characterized by painful, recurrent abscesses and tunnels under the skin. It is influenced by a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and metabolic factors. Smoking, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and other metabolic disorders have been identified as risk factors for HS, potentially exacerbating the severity and progression of the condition. Given the higher prevalence of HS in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), understanding modifiable risk factors such as smoking is crucial for improving patient outcomes. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between changes in smoking intensity and the risk of HS in patients with T2DM, with the goal of elucidating how smoking contributes to the development or worsening of HS in this high-risk population. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service, comprising 1,705,427 participants. The study examined smoking status, changes in smoking intensity, and the incidence of HS in individuals with T2DM, adjusting for potential confounders such as age, gender, and comorbid conditions. RESULTS: The study found a 23.6% increased risk of HS in individuals who continued smoking compared to nonsmokers (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR), 1.236; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.075-1.421). Additionally, participants with increased cigarette consumption had a 28.5% higher risk of HS compared to nonsmokers (aHR, 1.285; 95% CI, 1.048-1.577). However, no significant differences were observed in the association between changes in smoking intensity and the risk of HS when stratified by BMI. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the association between smoking and the increased risk of HS in individuals with T2DM, underscoring the importance of smoking cessation as a potential strategy for mitigating HS risk in at-risk DM populations. Additional research is needed to further explore the mechanisms by which smoking exacerbates HS in T2DM and to identify effective interventions for this group.
引言：化脓性汗腺炎（HS）是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病，其特征为皮肤下出现疼痛性复发性脓肿和窦道。它受到遗传、环境和代谢因素的复杂相互作用影响。吸烟、糖尿病、肥胖和其他代谢紊乱已被确定为HS的危险因素，可能会加剧病情的严重程度和进展。鉴于2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者中HS的患病率较高，了解诸如吸烟等可改变的危险因素对于改善患者预后至关重要。 目的：研究吸烟强度变化与T2DM患者HS风险之间的关联，以阐明吸烟如何导致这一高危人群中HS的发生或恶化。 方法：这项回顾性队列研究分析了韩国国民健康保险服务中心的数据，包括1,705,427名参与者。该研究调查了T2DM患者的吸烟状况、吸烟强度变化以及HS发病率，并对年龄、性别和合并症等潜在混杂因素进行了调整。 结果：研究发现，与不吸烟者相比，持续吸烟者患HS的风险增加了23.6%（调整后风险比（aHR），1.236；95%置信区间（CI），1.075 - 1.421）。此外，与不吸烟者相比，香烟消费量增加的参与者患HS的风险高28.5%（aHR，1.285；95%CI，1.048 - 1.577）。然而，按体重指数分层时，吸烟强度变化与HS风险之间未观察到显著差异。 结论：本研究强调了吸烟与T2DM患者HS风险增加之间的关联，强调戒烟作为降低高危糖尿病患者HS风险的潜在策略的重要性。需要进一步研究以进一步探索吸烟加剧T2DM患者HS的机制，并为该群体确定有效的干预措施。
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