Liao Wengao, Yu Wenlu, Zhao Yuanji, Ma Zonglin, Xie Jie
School of Physical Education, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
College of Physical Education, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 May 22;13:1595862. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1595862. eCollection 2025.
Obesity, as a public health disease, is prevalent among college students and seriously affects their quality of life and academic performance. Timely intervention through an effective exercise program is of great significance in improving the physical health status of obese college students and preventing the emergence of obesity complications. Due to the lack of a systematic review of the effects of exercise intervention on the body shape of obese college students, this study aims to systematically evaluate the effects of exercise intervention on the body shape of obese college students, to provide a reference for the development of an effective exercise intervention program for the group of obese college students.
Five databases, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and The Cochrane Library, were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of exercise interventions on obese college student populations from the date of establishment. The methodological quality of the included literature was assessed using the Rob 2.0 risk of bias tool, and then meta-analysis, subgroup analysis, and sensitivity analysis were performed using Review Manager software version 5.4.
A total of 12 original studies with a sample size of 961 individuals were included in this study. Meta-analysis showed that exercise intervention had a statistically significant effect on obese college students' BMI [SMD = -0.42, 95% CI (-0.80, -0.04), = 0.03], waist circumference [SMD = -0.61, 95% CI (-1.04, -0.18), = 0.005] and hip circumference [SMD = -0.72, 95% CI (-1.40, -0.04), = 0.04], and may be limited by factors such as intervention period, intervention duration, number of interventions, and type of interventions, Exercise interventions had a statistically significant effect on obese college students' body fat percentage [SMD = -0.33, 95% CI (-0.79, 0.13), = 0.16] and waist-to-hip ratio [SMD = -0.34, 95% CI (-0.89, 0.22), = 0.23] did not have a significant intervention effect. Subgroup analyses showed that overall the intervention effect of ≥12 weeks was better than 8 weeks; the intervention effect of 30-60 min/revision was better than <30 min/revision and >60 min/revision; the intervention effect of exercise <5 times per week was better than ≥5 times per week; and the intervention effect of exercise in combination with aerobic combined with resistance training and integrative training was better than that of performing aerobic exercise alone.
Exercise interventions have a positive effect on weight loss and improved body shape in obese college students.
PROSPERO, CRD420251012259, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251012259.
肥胖作为一种公共卫生疾病，在大学生中普遍存在，严重影响他们的生活质量和学业表现。通过有效的运动计划进行及时干预，对于改善肥胖大学生的身体健康状况以及预防肥胖并发症的出现具有重要意义。由于缺乏对运动干预对肥胖大学生体型影响的系统评价，本研究旨在系统评价运动干预对肥胖大学生体型的影响，为制定针对肥胖大学生群体的有效运动干预方案提供参考。
检索了五个数据库，即Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、MEDLINE和Cochrane图书馆，从建库之日起搜索关于运动干预对肥胖大学生群体影响的随机对照试验（RCT）。使用Rob 2.0偏倚风险工具评估纳入文献的方法学质量，然后使用Review Manager 5.4版软件进行荟萃分析、亚组分析和敏感性分析。
本研究共纳入12项原始研究，样本量为961人。荟萃分析表明，运动干预对肥胖大学生的体重指数有统计学显著影响[标准化均数差（SMD）=-0.42，95%置信区间（CI）为（-0.80，-0.04），P=0.03]、腰围[SMD=-0.61，95%CI为（-1.04，-0.18），P=0.005]和臀围[SMD=-0.72，95%CI为（-1.40，-0.04），P=0.04]，并且可能受干预周期、干预时长、干预次数和干预类型等因素限制，运动干预对肥胖大学生的体脂百分比[SMD=-0.33，95%CI为（-0.79，0.13），P=0.16]和腰臀比[SMD=-0.34，95%CI为（-0.89，0.22），P=0.23]没有显著干预效果。亚组分析表明，总体而言，≥12周的干预效果优于8周；每次干预30 - 60分钟的干预效果优于每次<30分钟和>60分钟；每周运动<5次的干预效果优于≥5次；运动结合有氧运动、抗阻训练和综合训练的干预效果优于单纯进行有氧运动。
运动干预对肥胖大学生的体重减轻和体型改善有积极作用。
PROSPERO，CRD420251012259，https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251012259 。
