数字健康干预措施在促进大学生身体活动方面的有效性：系统评价和荟萃分析。

Effectiveness of Digital Health Interventions in Promoting Physical Activity Among College Students: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

机构信息

School of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China.

出版信息

J Med Internet Res. 2024 Nov 20;26:e51714. doi: 10.2196/51714.

DOI:10.2196/51714

PMID:39566049

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11618011/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Recent studies offer conflicting conclusions about the effectiveness of digital health interventions in changing physical activity behaviors. In addition, research focusing on digital health interventions for college students remains relatively scarce.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the impact of digital health interventions on physical activity behaviors among college students, using objective measures as outcome indicators.

METHODS

In accordance with the 2020 PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across several databases, including MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EBSCO (CINAHL Plus with full text), to identify relevant intervention studies published up to June 6, 2023. The inclusion criteria specified studies that examined the quantitative relationships between digital health interventions and physical activity among adults aged 18 years to 29 years, focusing on light physical activity (LPA), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary time (ST), or steps. Non-randomized controlled trials were excluded. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Results were synthesized both narratively and quantitatively, where applicable. When sufficient homogeneity was found among studies, a random-effects model was used for meta-analysis to account for variability.

RESULTS

In total, 8 studies, encompassing 569 participants, were included in the analysis. The primary outcomes measured were LPA, MVPA, ST, and steps. Among these studies, 3 reported on LPA, 5 on MVPA, 5 on ST, and 3 on steps. The meta-analysis revealed a significant increase in steps for the intervention group compared with the control group (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.64, 95% CI 0.37-0.92; P<.001). However, no significant differences were observed between the intervention and control groups regarding LPA (SMD -0.08, 95% CI -0.32 to 0.16; P=.51), MVPA (SMD 0.02, 95% CI -0.19 to 0.22; P=.88), and ST (SMD 0.03, 95% CI -0.18 to 0.24; P=.78).

CONCLUSIONS

Digital health interventions are effective in increasing steps among college students; however, their effects on LPA, MVPA, and sedentary behavior are limited.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

PROSPERO CRD42024533180; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=533180.

摘要

背景

最近的研究对数字健康干预措施在改变身体活动行为方面的有效性得出了相互矛盾的结论。此外，针对大学生的数字健康干预措施的研究仍然相对较少。

目的

本研究旨在使用客观测量指标作为结果指标，检验数字健康干预措施对大学生身体活动行为的影响。

方法

根据 2020 年 PRISMA（系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目）指南，对多个数据库（包括 MEDLINE（PubMed）、Web of Science、Cochrane 图书馆和 EBSCO（带有全文的 CINAHL Plus））进行了全面的文献检索，以确定截至 2023 年 6 月 6 日发表的与成人年龄在 18 岁至 29 岁之间的数字健康干预措施与身体活动之间的定量关系相关的干预研究。纳入标准规定，研究必须检查数字健康干预措施与成年人（年龄 18 岁至 29 岁）的轻体力活动（LPA）、中等到剧烈体力活动（MVPA）、久坐时间（ST）或步数之间的定量关系。排除非随机对照试验。使用 Cochrane 偏倚风险工具评估研究质量。结果以叙述和定量的方式进行综合。当研究之间存在足够的同质性时，使用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析以考虑变异性。

结果

共有 8 项研究，共纳入 569 名参与者，纳入分析。主要结果测量为 LPA、MVPA、ST 和步数。其中 3 项研究报告了 LPA，5 项研究报告了 MVPA，5 项研究报告了 ST，3 项研究报告了步数。荟萃分析显示，干预组的步数与对照组相比显著增加（标准化均数差[SMD] 0.64，95%置信区间 0.37-0.92；P<.001）。然而，干预组与对照组在 LPA（SMD -0.08，95%置信区间 -0.32 至 0.16；P=.51）、MVPA（SMD 0.02，95%置信区间 -0.19 至 0.22；P=.88）和 ST（SMD 0.03，95%置信区间 -0.18 至 0.24；P=.78）方面无显著差异。