Schaeffer Doris, Gille Svea
Fakultät für Gesundheitswissenschaften, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Gesundheitskompetenzforschung (IZGK), Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Deutschland.
Hertie School, Friedrichstr. 180, 10117 Berlin, Deutschland.
Pravent Gesundh. 2022;17(2):147-155. doi: 10.1007/s11553-021-00872-7. Epub 2021 Jul 1.
With the digital transformation and the increase in digital health information, the opportunities for health promotion and disease prevention are also increasing. At the same time, the demands on dealing with health information and thus for (digital) health literacy are also increasing. However, existing studies show that a large part of the population in Germany is not adequately health literate, which points to a great need for political action.
This article therefore examines the extent to which health literacy has been successfully established as an issue and as a potential new policy area in Germany.
Following the discussion on policy analysis, the paper considers five criteria ((1.) problem perception and agenda-setting, (2.) consensus on definition and objectives, (3.) empirical evidence, (4.) willingness to act and change, (5.) level of resources) against which it attempts to assess the development of health literacy as a new policy area.
Overall, it can be shown that health literacy has undergone a rapid career as a topic in Germany and is becoming increasingly relevant both socially and politically. In recent years, important steps have been taken in establishing health literacy as a policy area, which have also attracted international attention. However, too little attention has been paid to digitalization and to linking the two discussions and developments, which have been conducted separately so far. To anchor health literacy sustainably as a policy field, several challenges have to be addressed.
The importance of health literacy in the digital age is greater than ever. Meeting these challenges will therefore be an important task in the future.
随着数字转型以及数字健康信息的增加，健康促进和疾病预防的机会也在增多。与此同时，处理健康信息的需求以及对（数字）健康素养的要求也在提高。然而，现有研究表明，德国很大一部分人口的健康素养不足，这表明迫切需要采取政治行动。
因此，本文考察了健康素养在德国作为一个议题以及一个潜在的新政策领域成功确立的程度。
在讨论政策分析之后，本文考虑了五个标准（（1）问题认知与议程设定，（2）定义和目标上的共识，（3）实证证据，（4）行动和变革意愿，（5）资源水平），试图据此评估健康素养作为一个新政策领域的发展情况。
总体而言，可以表明健康素养在德国作为一个议题经历了快速发展，并且在社会和政治层面上变得越来越重要。近年来，在将健康素养确立为一个政策领域方面已经迈出了重要步伐，这也引起了国际关注。然而，对数字化以及将这两个迄今为止分别进行的讨论和发展联系起来的关注过少。为了将健康素养作为一个政策领域可持续地确立下来，必须应对若干挑战。
健康素养在数字时代的重要性比以往任何时候都更高。因此，应对这些挑战将是未来的一项重要任务。
