Chaudhary Kabi Raj, Kujur Sima, Singh Karanvir
Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Ferozpur G.T Road, Moga, Punjab 142001, India.
Department of Research and Development, United Biotech (P) Ltd. Bagbania, Nalagarh, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.
OpenNano. 2023 Jan;9:100118. doi: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100118. Epub 2022 Dec 14.
The global anxiety and economic crisis causes the deadly pandemic coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID 19) affect millions of people right now. Subsequently, this life threatened viral disease is caused due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, morbidity and mortality of infected patients are due to cytokines storm syndrome associated with lung injury and multiorgan failure caused by COVID 19. Thereafter, several methodological advances have been approved by WHO and US-FDA for the detection, diagnosis and control of this wide spreadable communicable disease but still facing multi-challenges to control. Herein, we majorly emphasize the current trends and future perspectives of nano-medicinal based approaches for the delivery of anti-COVID 19 therapeutic moieties. Interestingly, Nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with drug molecules or vaccines resemble morphological features of SARS-CoV-2 in their size (60-140 nm) and shape (circular or spherical) that particularly mimics the virus facilitating strong interaction between them. Indeed, the delivery of anti-COVID 19 cargos a nanoparticle such as Lipidic nanoparticles, Polymeric nanoparticles, Metallic nanoparticles, and Multi-functionalized nanoparticles to overcome the drawbacks of conventional approaches, specifying the site-specific targeting with reduced drug loading and toxicities, exhibit their immense potential. Additionally, nano-technological based drug delivery with their peculiar characteristics of having low immunogenicity, tunable drug release, multidrug delivery, higher selectivity and specificity, higher efficacy and tolerability switch on the novel pathway for the prevention and treatment of COVID 19.
全球焦虑和经济危机导致2019年致命的大流行性冠状病毒病（COVID - 19）目前影响着数百万人。随后，这种危及生命的病毒性疾病是由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的。然而，感染患者的发病率和死亡率是由于与COVID - 19引起的肺损伤和多器官衰竭相关的细胞因子风暴综合征。此后，世界卫生组织（WHO）和美国食品药品监督管理局（US-FDA）批准了几种方法学进展用于检测、诊断和控制这种广泛传播的传染病，但在控制方面仍面临多重挑战。在此，我们主要强调基于纳米医学的方法在递送抗COVID - 19治疗部分方面的当前趋势和未来前景。有趣的是，负载药物分子或疫苗的纳米颗粒（NPs）在大小（60 - 140纳米）和形状（圆形或球形）上类似于SARS-CoV-2的形态特征，这特别模仿了病毒，促进了它们之间的强烈相互作用。实际上，将抗COVID - 19货物递送至纳米颗粒（如脂质纳米颗粒、聚合物纳米颗粒、金属纳米颗粒和多功能纳米颗粒）以克服传统方法的缺点，实现具有降低药物负载和毒性的位点特异性靶向，展现出它们的巨大潜力。此外，基于纳米技术的药物递送具有低免疫原性、可调节药物释放、多药递送、更高的选择性和特异性、更高的疗效和耐受性等独特特性，为预防和治疗COVID - 19开启了新途径。
