Schrameyer Lena, Wittler Linda, Schmidt Lisa, Wessely Stefanie, Flothkoetter Maria, Eiser Stefanie, Reiss Katharina, Paul Mechthild, Ferrari Nina, Joisten Christine
Institut für Bewegungs- und Neurowissenschaften, Abteilung für Bewegungs- und Gesundheitsförderung, Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933 Köln, Deutschland.
Netzwerk Gesund ins Leben, Bundeszentrum für Ernährung (BZfE) in der Bundesanstalt für Landwirtschaft und Ernährung (BLE), Bonn, Deutschland.
Pravent Gesundh. 2022 Nov 28:1-15. doi: 10.1007/s11553-022-00998-2.
Nutrition in the first 1000 days of life is a relevant influencing factor for healthy (weight) development of children. Community- and population-based preventive approaches seem to be the most promising way in counteracting overweight (in childhood) and noncommunicable diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze the health care situation in terms of promoting nutritional health in the first 1000 days.
Based on an internet-based search of possible community-based practice projects, standardized, guideline-based interviews with experts from science and practice were conducted. The focus was on the general assessment of the health care situation or a possible need for action, as well as concrete recommendations, with special consideration of vulnerable groups. In all, 14 of 40 persons selected in a snowball procedure took part.
All experts rated the current health care situation in terms of nutrition as insufficient. They were critical of the lack of a structural and political framework, in particular the frequent time limits of a program. As a result, measures to promote nutritional health or comparable interventions could not be successfully established. Therefore, clearer support by political and other relevant stakeholders, e.g., health insurances, and networking with or embedding of this topic area in public health services was demanded.
From the experts' point of view, our results confirm that the promotion of nutritional health in the first 1000 days is meaningful and important. However, there is a clear need to optimize care structures and the concrete, sustainable implementation of primary prevention services as well as low-threshold access for pregnant women and families in precarious living situations.
生命最初1000天的营养是儿童健康（体重）发育的一个相关影响因素。基于社区和人群的预防方法似乎是应对（儿童期）超重和非传染性疾病最有前景的方式。本研究的目的是分析在促进生命最初1000天营养健康方面的医疗保健状况。
基于对可能的社区实践项目进行的网络搜索，对来自科学和实践领域的专家进行了标准化的、基于指南的访谈。重点是对医疗保健状况的总体评估或可能的行动需求，以及具体建议，特别考虑了弱势群体。通过滚雪球程序选取的40人中共有14人参与。
所有专家都认为目前在营养方面的医疗保健状况不足。他们批评缺乏结构和政策框架，特别是项目经常有时间限制。因此，促进营养健康的措施或类似干预措施无法成功确立。因此，要求政治和其他相关利益攸关方（如健康保险机构）提供更明确的支持，并将该主题领域与公共卫生服务建立联系或融入其中。
从专家的角度来看，我们的结果证实，促进生命最初1000天的营养健康是有意义且重要的。然而，显然需要优化护理结构以及初级预防服务的具体、可持续实施，以及为孕妇和生活状况不稳定的家庭提供低门槛服务。
