Brettschneider Anna-Kristin, von der Lippe Elena, Lange Cornelia
Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, General-Pape-Straße 62-66, 12101, Berlin, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2018 Aug;61(8):920-925. doi: 10.1007/s00103-018-2770-7.
Breast milk is the optimal nutrition for babies in their first six months of life and provides health benefits for both children and mothers. As part of the Robert Koch Institute's health monitoring, the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) regularly collects population-based data on the health situation of children and adolescents living in Germany, including information on breastfeeding. This article describes breastfeeding behaviour based on the results of KiGGS Wave 2 (2014-2017). The prevalence of breastfeeding and the duration of breastfeeding in the birth cohorts 2009-2016 as well as information on intention to breastfeed and reasons for weaning are described. The results from KiGGS Wave 2 show that breastfeeding proportions for any type of breastfeeding tended to increase between the birth cohorts 2009/2010 and 2013/2014, while the prevalence for full and exclusive breastfeeding show no change. The average duration of breastfeeding has remained constant. Almost 90% of mothers intended to breastfeed their baby after birth and 97% of these mothers actually started breastfeeding. Having insufficient breast milk has often been mentioned as a problem, both by mothers who intended to breastfeed but did not start breastfeeding and by mothers who have been breastfeeding their infants for less than six months. Despite some limitations, the KiGGS study is an important part of breastfeeding monitoring. Regular data collection and the largely consistent study design make it possible to map trends in time and to measure the impact of breastfeeding promotion on the population. KiGGS Wave 2 shows that breastfeeding promotion measures are still necessary.
母乳是婴儿出生后头六个月的最佳营养来源，对儿童和母亲都有健康益处。作为罗伯特·科赫研究所健康监测的一部分，德国儿童和青少年健康访谈与检查调查（KiGGS）定期收集德国儿童和青少年健康状况的基于人群的数据，包括母乳喂养信息。本文根据KiGGS第二轮（2014 - 2017年）的结果描述母乳喂养行为。描述了2009 - 2016年出生队列中的母乳喂养率、母乳喂养持续时间以及母乳喂养意愿和断奶原因的信息。KiGGS第二轮的结果表明，在2009/2010年和2013/2014年出生队列之间，任何类型母乳喂养的比例都有上升趋势，而纯母乳喂养和完全母乳喂养的比例没有变化。母乳喂养的平均持续时间保持不变。几乎90%的母亲打算在婴儿出生后进行母乳喂养，其中97%的母亲实际上开始了母乳喂养。母乳不足经常被打算母乳喂养但未开始的母亲以及母乳喂养婴儿不到六个月的母亲提及为一个问题。尽管存在一些局限性，KiGGS研究仍是母乳喂养监测的重要组成部分。定期的数据收集和基本一致的研究设计使得能够及时描绘趋势并衡量母乳喂养促进措施对人群的影响。KiGGS第二轮表明母乳喂养促进措施仍然是必要的。
